Page not found – Countries Leverage https://www.softwareleverage.org Thu, 28 Mar 2024 11:59:49 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=4.9.25 Panama Travel Advice https://www.softwareleverage.org/panama-travel-advice.html Thu, 28 Mar 2024 11:59:49 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1731 Discovering Panama: A Comprehensive Guide to Traveling in the Heart of Central America

Nestled between the Caribbean Sea and the Pacific Ocean, Panama offers travelers a diverse tapestry of natural beauty, rich history, and vibrant culture. From the iconic Panama Canal to the lush rainforests of the interior, Panama is a treasure trove of experiences waiting to be explored.

Entry Requirements: Before planning your trip to Panama, it’s important to understand the entry requirements. Most visitors to Panama need a valid passport with at least six months’ validity and proof of onward or return travel. Depending on your nationality, you may also need a visa to enter Panama, which can be obtained from Panamanian embassies or consulates in your home country or upon arrival at major airports. Visa requirements vary, so it’s advisable to check the latest entry requirements with the Panamanian embassy or consulate before traveling.

Safety Tips: According to BAGLIB, Panama is generally considered a safe destination for travelers, but it’s important to take certain precautions to ensure a safe and enjoyable trip. Here are some safety tips for travelers to Panama:

  1. Stay aware of your surroundings: Like any destination, it’s important to stay aware of your surroundings and exercise caution, especially in crowded tourist areas, markets, and public transportation hubs. Keep your belongings secure and be mindful of pickpockets and petty theft.
  2. Use reliable transportation: Use licensed taxis, ride-hailing services, or reputable tour operators for transportation around Panama. Avoid using unmarked or unofficial taxis, especially at night, and negotiate fares in advance to avoid misunderstandings.
  3. Stay hydrated: Panama has a tropical climate with high temperatures and humidity, so it’s important to stay hydrated, especially when spending time outdoors. Drink plenty of bottled water and avoid excessive alcohol consumption, which can lead to dehydration.
  4. Protect against mosquitoes: Panama is home to mosquitoes that can transmit diseases such as dengue fever, Zika virus, and malaria. Protect yourself by using insect repellent, wearing long sleeves and pants, and sleeping under mosquito nets, especially in rural areas and during the rainy season.
  5. Respect local customs: Panama is a diverse country with a mix of cultures and traditions. Respect local customs, traditions, and cultural norms during your visit, including dress codes, religious practices, and social etiquette. Be mindful of taking photos of people without their permission, especially in indigenous communities.

Transportation Options: Getting around Panama is relatively easy, with a variety of transportation options available to travelers. Here are some transportation options for getting around Panama:

  1. Public buses: Public buses are a popular and inexpensive way to travel between cities and towns in Panama. Bus services are frequent and well-connected, with routes covering most major destinations. Buses are generally safe and comfortable, although they can be crowded during peak hours.
  2. Taxis: Taxis are widely available in Panama’s cities and towns, offering a convenient mode of transportation for short distances. Make sure to use licensed taxis with meters or negotiate fares in advance to avoid overcharging. It’s also advisable to ask your hotel or accommodation to arrange a taxi for you, especially at night.
  3. Rental cars: Renting a car is a convenient option for exploring Panama independently and at your own pace. Several international car rental companies operate in Panama, offering a range of vehicles from compact cars to SUVs and 4x4s. Be aware that driving in Panama City can be challenging due to heavy traffic and narrow streets.
  4. Water taxis: Water taxis are a popular way to travel between the islands of the Bocas del Toro archipelago and other coastal destinations in Panama. These small boats provide a scenic and efficient mode of transportation, especially for reaching remote beaches and offshore islands.
  5. Domestic flights: Domestic flights are available for traveling between major cities and regions in Panama, such as Panama City, David, Bocas del Toro, and San Blas. Several local airlines operate domestic routes, offering quick and convenient travel options for exploring different parts of the country.

Accommodation Choices: Panama offers a wide range of accommodation options to suit every budget and preference, from luxury resorts and boutique hotels to budget-friendly hostels and guesthouses. Here are some popular accommodation choices in Panama:

  1. Luxury resorts: Experience five-star luxury and world-class amenities at luxury resorts and beachfront hotels in Panama’s coastal destinations such as Bocas del Toro, San Blas, and the Pearl Islands. Enjoy spacious rooms, gourmet dining options, spa facilities, and recreational activities for a memorable and indulgent stay.
  2. Boutique hotels: Discover boutique hotels tucked away in Panama’s historic neighborhoods, cultural districts, and natural landscapes. These intimate and stylish accommodations offer personalized service, unique design elements, and a sense of charm and character that sets them apart from larger chain hotels.
  3. Hostels: Budget-conscious travelers will find a range of hostels and backpacker accommodations in Panama’s cities and towns, offering affordable dormitory beds and private rooms. Hostels are a great option for solo travelers, backpackers, and groups looking to meet fellow travelers and share experiences.
  4. Eco-lodges: Experience sustainable tourism and eco-friendly accommodations at eco-lodges and nature retreats located in Panama’s rainforests, mountains, and coastal areas. These environmentally conscious properties offer a unique

Panama: Your Gateway to Adventure and Natural Beauty

Nestled between the Caribbean Sea and the Pacific Ocean, Panama is a country of stunning natural beauty, vibrant culture, and rich history. From the iconic Panama Canal to lush rainforests, pristine beaches, and charming colonial towns, Panama offers travelers a diverse array of experiences waiting to be discovered. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll delve into everything you need to know about traveling to Panama, including entry requirements, safety tips, transportation options, accommodation choices, and must-visit attractions.

Entry Requirements: Before planning your trip to Panama, it’s essential to understand the entry requirements. Most visitors to Panama need a valid passport with at least six months’ validity and proof of onward travel or a return ticket. Depending on your nationality, you may also need a visa to enter Panama. Citizens of many countries, including the United States, Canada, the European Union, Australia, and New Zealand, do not need a visa for stays of up to 180 days. However, it’s advisable to check the latest entry requirements with the Panamanian embassy or consulate in your home country before traveling.

Safety Tips: Panama is generally considered safe for travelers, but like any destination, it’s important to take certain precautions to ensure a safe and enjoyable trip. Here are some safety tips for travelers to Panama:

  1. Be vigilant in tourist areas: While tourist areas in Panama are generally safe, petty theft and pickpocketing can occur, especially in crowded places such as markets, bus stations, and tourist attractions. Keep your belongings secure, avoid displaying valuables such as smartphones and cameras, and be cautious of your surroundings, particularly in busy areas.
  2. Use reputable transportation: Use reputable transportation options such as registered taxis, ride-hailing services, and official tour operators to minimize the risk of encountering unlicensed or unsafe vehicles. Avoid walking alone at night, especially in unfamiliar or poorly lit areas, and consider using a taxi or transportation service instead.
  3. Be cautious with money: Panama uses the US dollar as its official currency, making it easy for travelers to manage their finances. However, it’s advisable to carry small denominations of cash and avoid displaying large sums of money in public. Use ATMs located in well-lit and secure areas, and be cautious of card skimming devices and fraudulent transactions.
  4. Stay informed: Stay informed about local news, developments, and safety alerts during your stay in Panama. Monitor travel advisories issued by your government and stay updated on any security threats, natural disasters, or civil unrest in the area you’re visiting. Be aware of local laws and regulations, and respect cultural norms and customs to avoid inadvertently causing offense or violating local customs.
  5. Respect the environment: Panama is home to diverse ecosystems and fragile environments, including rainforests, coral reefs, and mangrove forests. Be mindful of your impact on the environment during your visit, and practice responsible tourism by minimizing waste, conserving water, and supporting sustainable tourism initiatives and local conservation efforts.

Transportation Options: Getting around Panama is relatively easy, with a variety of transportation options available to travelers. Here are some transportation options for getting around Panama:

  1. Public buses: Public buses are a popular and affordable mode of transportation for traveling between cities and towns in Panama. Several bus companies operate extensive networks of routes connecting major cities, tourist destinations, and rural areas. Bus terminals are located in major cities such as Panama City, David, and Santiago, with frequent departures throughout the day.
  2. Taxis: Taxis are readily available in urban areas and tourist destinations in Panama, offering convenient door-to-door service for short trips and excursions. Look for licensed taxis with meters or negotiate fares in advance to avoid disputes. In Panama City, taxis are generally safe and reliable, but it’s advisable to use registered taxis from reputable companies or taxi stands rather than hailing cabs on the street.
  3. Rental cars: Renting a car is a convenient option for exploring Panama independently and at your own pace, especially if you plan to visit remote or off-the-beaten-path destinations. Several international car rental companies operate in Panama City and major airports, offering a range of vehicles from compact cars to SUVs and 4x4s. Be prepared for driving on varied terrain and be cautious of local driving customs and road conditions.
  4. Domestic flights: Domestic flights are available for traveling between major cities and regions in Panama, offering a convenient and time-saving option for long-distance travel. Several domestic airlines operate flights between Panama City and destinations such as Bocas del Toro, David, Chiriquí, and San Blas Islands. Book flights in advance, especially during peak travel periods, and arrive at the airport early to allow time for check-in and security procedures.
  5. Water taxis: Water taxis are a popular mode of transportation for traveling between islands and coastal communities in Panama, particularly in the Bocas del Toro archipelago and San Blas Islands. Water taxis operate scheduled services between mainland ports and island destinations, offering a scenic and efficient way to explore Panama’s coastal regions.

Accommodation Choices: Panama offers a wide range of accommodation options to suit every budget and preference, from luxury resorts and boutique hotels to budget-friendly hostels and guesthouses. Here are some popular accommodation choices in Panama:

  1. Luxury resorts: Experience five-star luxury and world-class amenities at luxury resorts and beachfront hotels in Panama’s coastal regions and tourist destinations. Enjoy spacious rooms, fine dining restaurants, spa facilities, and recreational activities such as snorkeling, diving, and beachfront lounging. Luxury resorts in Panama often offer all-inclusive packages and personalized services to ensure a memorable and indulgent stay for guests.
  1. Boutique hotels: Discover boutique hotels nestled in historic neighborhoods, colonial towns, and cultural districts across Panama. Boutique hotels offer stylish accommodations, personalized service, and unique design elements, providing an intimate and upscale setting for travelers seeking a more authentic and immersive experience.
  2. Eco-lodges: Immerse yourself in nature at eco-lodges and wilderness retreats located in Panama’s rainforests, mountains, and coastal regions. Eco-lodges offer sustainable accommodations designed to minimize environmental impact while providing guests with opportunities for wildlife viewing, birdwatching, hiking, and outdoor adventures.
  3. Hostels: Budget-conscious travelers will find a range of hostels and backpacker accommodations in Panama’s major cities and tourist destinations. Hostels offer dormitory-style rooms, private rooms, and communal spaces where travelers can socialize, share experiences, and connect with fellow adventurers from around the world.
  4. Homestays: Experience authentic Panamanian hospitality by staying with local hosts in homestays and guesthouses in rural communities and indigenous villages. Homestays offer an immersive cultural experience, allowing travelers to learn about traditional customs, cuisine, and way of life while supporting local communities and sustainable tourism initiatives.

Must-Visit Attractions: Panama boasts a wealth of attractions and landmarks, from historic sites and cultural heritage to natural wonders and outdoor adventures. Here are some must-visit attractions in Panama:

  1. Panama Canal: Explore the iconic Panama Canal, a marvel of engineering and one of the world’s most important waterways. Visit the Miraflores Locks Visitor Center near Panama City to learn about the history and operation of the canal, watch ships passing through the locks, and visit the museum and observation deck for panoramic views of the canal and surrounding area.
  2. Casco Viejo: Wander through the historic district of Casco Viejo, Panama City’s charming colonial quarter and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Admire the colorful architecture, cobblestone streets, and historic landmarks such as the Metropolitan Cathedral, Presidential Palace, and Plaza de la Independencia. Explore boutique shops, art galleries, cafes, and restaurants tucked away in restored colonial buildings.
  3. San Blas Islands: Escape to the paradise islands of San Blas, an archipelago of over 300 islands and cays located off the Caribbean coast of Panama. Experience the pristine beauty of white-sand beaches, turquoise waters, and coral reefs teeming with marine life. Visit indigenous communities such as the Guna Yala tribe, learn about their culture and traditions, and enjoy activities such as snorkeling, diving, and sailing.
  4. Boquete: Discover the picturesque mountain town of Boquete, nestled in the highlands of western Panama. Known for its mild climate, lush landscapes, and outdoor adventures, Boquete is a popular destination for hiking, birdwatching, and coffee tourism. Visit coffee plantations and learn about the coffee production process, hike to stunning waterfalls such as the Lost Waterfalls or explore the cloud forests of Volcán Barú National Park.
  5. Bocas del Toro: Relax on the idyllic islands of Bocas del Toro, located in the Caribbean Sea near the border with Costa Rica. Explore the vibrant town of Bocas Town, known for its laid-back atmosphere, colorful Caribbean architecture, and lively nightlife. Hop between islands on boat tours, visit secluded beaches, and snorkel or dive in the crystal-clear waters of Marine National Parks such as Isla Bastimentos and Cayos Zapatilla.

Local Cuisine: Panamanian cuisine is a delightful fusion of flavors influenced by indigenous, African, Spanish, and Caribbean culinary traditions. Here are some must-try dishes and culinary experiences in Panama:

  1. Ceviche: Indulge in ceviche, a popular dish made with fresh seafood (such as fish, shrimp, or octopus) marinated in lime juice, onions, tomatoes, cilantro, and peppers. Ceviche is typically served as a refreshing appetizer or light meal, accompanied by crispy plantain chips or saltine crackers.
  2. Sancocho: Sample sancocho, a hearty and flavorful stew made with chicken, beef, or seafood, root vegetables (such as yuca, plantains, and potatoes), corn, and herbs. Sancocho is often served as a comforting meal during special occasions, celebrations, and family gatherings, accompanied by rice and avocado slices.
  3. Patacones: Try patacones, savory fried plantains served as a popular side dish or snack in Panama. Green plantains are sliced, fried until crispy, flattened, and fried again until golden brown and crispy. Patacones are typically served with a dollop of mayonnaise, ketchup, or garlic sauce for dipping.
  4. Arroz con Pollo: Enjoy arroz con pollo, a classic Panamanian dish of chicken and rice cooked with vegetables, spices, and saffron. Arroz con pollo is a flavorful and comforting one-pot meal that is often served with a side of salad or fried ripe plantains for a satisfying and delicious meal.
  5. Panamanian Empanadas: Savor Panamanian empanadas, savory turnovers filled with a variety of fillings such as ground beef, chicken, cheese, or vegetables, seasoned with onions, peppers, and spices. Empanadas are typically made with a corn or wheat flour dough, folded into a half-moon shape, and fried until golden and crispy. They are a popular street food snack enjoyed by locals and visitors alike, perfect for a quick and satisfying meal on the go.
  1. Ropa Vieja: Taste ropa vieja, a traditional dish of shredded beef stewed with tomatoes, onions, bell peppers, and spices until tender and flavorful. The name “ropa vieja” translates to “old clothes,” referring to the shredded appearance of the beef resembling tattered clothing. Ropa vieja is often served with rice, beans, and fried plantains for a hearty and delicious meal.
  2. Tamales: Indulge in tamales, a beloved dish in Panama made with masa (corn dough) filled with savory fillings such as chicken, pork, or vegetables, wrapped in banana leaves, and steamed until cooked through. Tamales are often enjoyed during special occasions, holidays, and celebrations, accompanied by hot sauce or salsa for added flavor.
  3. Chicha: Wash down your meal with chicha, a traditional fermented beverage made from maize (corn), sugar, and spices such as cinnamon and cloves. Chicha has been enjoyed by indigenous communities in Panama for centuries and is still popular today as a refreshing and thirst-quenching drink, especially during festivals and social gatherings.

Health and Safety: Ensuring your health and safety during your travels in Panama is essential for a memorable and worry-free experience. Here are some health and safety tips to keep in mind:

  1. Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of bottled or purified water to stay hydrated, especially in hot and humid climates. Avoid tap water, ice cubes, and uncooked foods washed in tap water to prevent waterborne illnesses such as traveler’s diarrhea.
  2. Protect against mosquitoes: Panama is a tropical country with a risk of mosquito-borne diseases such as dengue fever, Zika virus, and chikungunya. Protect yourself from mosquito bites by using insect repellent, wearing long sleeves and pants, and sleeping under mosquito nets, especially in rural areas and during peak mosquito activity times.
  3. Seek medical care: Familiarize yourself with the location of medical facilities, hospitals, and pharmacies in the area where you’re staying. Carry a basic first-aid kit with essentials such as bandages, antiseptic wipes, and over-the-counter medications for common ailments. Consider purchasing travel insurance that includes coverage for medical emergencies and evacuation.
  4. Respect local customs: Respect Panamanian customs, traditions, and cultural norms during your visit, including dress codes, religious practices, and social etiquette. Dress modestly when visiting religious sites or rural areas, remove your shoes before entering homes or sacred spaces, and ask for permission before taking photos of people, especially indigenous communities.
  5. Stay informed: Stay informed about local laws, regulations, and customs in Panama to avoid inadvertently violating cultural or legal norms. Be aware of restrictions on photography, alcohol consumption, and public behavior, and always follow the guidance of local authorities and community leaders.

By following these tips and recommendations, you’ll be well-prepared to embark on an unforgettable journey through the enchanting landscapes, rich culture, and vibrant flavors of Panama. So pack your bags, immerse yourself in the beauty and charm of this Central American gem, and get ready for an adventure of a lifetime.

]]>
Agriculture of Afghanistan https://www.softwareleverage.org/agriculture-of-afghanistan.html Tue, 26 Mar 2024 07:18:53 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1730 The agriculture sector plays a vital role in the economy, livelihoods, and food security of Afghanistan. With a predominantly rural population and vast arable land, agriculture serves as the backbone of the Afghan economy, providing employment, income, and sustenance to millions of people across the country.

1. Importance of Agriculture: Agriculture has been the traditional livelihood of the Afghan people for centuries, contributing significantly to rural livelihoods, food production, and national GDP. The sector employs over 60% of the country’s workforce, with farming activities ranging from subsistence farming in rural villages to commercial agriculture in fertile valleys and plains. Afghan agriculture is characterized by a diverse range of crops, livestock, and agro-climatic zones, reflecting the country’s varied geography and climatic conditions.

2. Crops Cultivated: According to beautypically, Afghanistan’s agriculture sector produces a wide variety of crops, including both traditional and cash crops. Wheat is the most important staple crop, accounting for a significant portion of the country’s food consumption and agricultural production. Other major crops include barley, maize, rice, and pulses, which are cultivated in different regions of the country depending on soil fertility, water availability, and climate conditions.

In addition to staple crops, Afghanistan is also known for the production of high-value crops such as fruits, nuts, and vegetables. The country is renowned for its pomegranates, grapes, apricots, almonds, and pistachios, which are grown in abundance in provinces like Kandahar, Balkh, and Nangarhar. These fruits and nuts are not only consumed domestically but also exported to international markets, contributing to foreign exchange earnings and economic growth.

3. Livestock Rearing: Livestock rearing is an integral part of Afghan agriculture, providing meat, milk, wool, and hides for domestic consumption and trade. The country’s rugged terrain and pastoral nomadic traditions make it well-suited for livestock production, with millions of sheep, goats, cattle, and poultry raised in various regions of the country. Livestock farming plays a crucial role in rural livelihoods, particularly in remote and mountainous areas where agriculture is the primary source of income.

In addition to traditional livestock, Afghanistan is also home to unique breeds of camels and yaks, which are well-adapted to the harsh climatic conditions of the country’s deserts and high-altitude plateaus. These animals are valued for their resilience, strength, and ability to thrive in extreme environments, providing essential support to nomadic communities and pastoralist livelihoods.

4. Irrigation and Water Management: Water is a critical resource for agriculture in Afghanistan, with the majority of farming activities dependent on irrigation from rivers, streams, and underground aquifers. The country’s ancient irrigation systems, such as the karez (qanat) system, have been used for centuries to channel water from mountain springs to agricultural fields, enabling farmers to cultivate crops in arid regions with limited rainfall.

However, Afghanistan faces significant challenges in water management and irrigation infrastructure due to decades of conflict, neglect, and environmental degradation. Many irrigation canals, dams, and reservoirs have fallen into disrepair, leading to water shortages, soil erosion, and reduced agricultural productivity. Efforts to rehabilitate and modernize irrigation systems are underway, supported by international donors and government initiatives aimed at improving water access and efficiency for farmers.

5. Challenges Facing Afghan Agriculture: Despite its importance, Afghan agriculture faces numerous challenges that hinder its development and sustainability:

  • Security and instability: The ongoing conflict and insecurity in Afghanistan pose significant risks to farmers, agricultural infrastructure, and supply chains, leading to disruptions in production, distribution, and access to markets.
  • Water scarcity and drought: Afghanistan is prone to water scarcity and drought due to its arid climate, erratic rainfall patterns, and overexploitation of water resources. Droughts can devastate crops, livestock, and livelihoods, particularly in rural areas where agriculture is the primary source of income.
  • Land degradation and soil erosion: Soil erosion, deforestation, and overgrazing are major environmental challenges facing Afghan agriculture, leading to loss of arable land, reduced soil fertility, and decreased agricultural productivity. Sustainable land management practices are needed to restore degraded landscapes and protect natural resources for future generations.
  • Limited access to inputs and technology: Many Afghan farmers lack access to modern agricultural inputs such as seeds, fertilizers, and machinery, limiting their ability to improve yields, diversify crops, and adopt climate-resilient farming practices. Investments in agricultural research, extension services, and technology transfer are essential to enhance productivity and competitiveness in the sector.

6. Opportunities for Development: Despite these challenges, Afghan agriculture also presents opportunities for development and growth:

  • Diversification of crops and markets: Afghanistan has the potential to diversify its agricultural production and export markets, tapping into high-value crops such as fruits, nuts, and spices that are in demand in regional and international markets. Investments in value chains, post-harvest infrastructure, and market linkages can help farmers access lucrative markets and increase their income.
  • Sustainable land management: Promoting sustainable land management practices, such as conservation agriculture, agroforestry, and watershed management, can help restore degraded landscapes, improve soil health, and enhance resilience to climate change. Government policies and incentives are needed to encourage farmers to adopt sustainable farming practices and protect natural resources.
  • Agricultural finance and rural development: Access to finance is essential for smallholder farmers to invest in seeds, fertilizers, and irrigation equipment, as well as to diversify their income sources through livestock rearing, agribusiness, and value-added processing. Microfinance institutions, agricultural cooperatives, and rural credit programs can play a critical role in providing financial services to rural communities and stimulating economic growth in rural areas.

7. Government Policies and Initiatives: The Afghan government has recognized the importance of agriculture in the country’s economic development and has implemented various policies and initiatives to support the sector:

  • National Agricultural Development Framework (NADF): The NADF outlines the government’s priorities and strategies for agricultural development, including investments in irrigation infrastructure, research and extension services, and market development. The framework aims to increase agricultural productivity, improve food security, and enhance the resilience of rural communities to climate change and natural disasters.
  • Agricultural Extension Services: The Ministry of Agriculture, Irrigation, and Livestock (MAIL) provides extension services to farmers, including technical advice, training, and access to inputs and technology. Extension workers work closely with farmers to promote best practices in crop production, livestock management, and natural resource conservation, helping to improve agricultural productivity and livelihoods in rural areas.
  • Rural Development Programs: The government has implemented various rural development programs, such as the National Solidarity Program (NSP) and the Citizens’ Charter Afghanistan Program (CCAP), aimed at improving infrastructure, social services, and governance in rural communities. These programs support agricultural development by investing in roads, irrigation systems, schools, health clinics, and other essential services that benefit farmers and rural households.
]]>
Economy of Albania https://www.softwareleverage.org/economy-of-albania.html Wed, 20 Mar 2024 13:21:55 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1727 The economy of Albania has undergone significant transformations since the collapse of communism in the early 1990s. From a centrally planned economy under the socialist regime to a market-oriented system, Albania has made strides in liberalizing its economy, attracting foreign investment, and pursuing integration into global markets.

1. Historical Background:

According to beautypically, Albania’s economy was heavily centralized and state-controlled during the communist era under the leadership of Enver Hoxha. Following World War II, Hoxha implemented policies of collectivization and nationalization, resulting in the consolidation of agricultural land and state ownership of industry. However, these policies stifled economic growth and innovation, leading to widespread poverty and isolation from the international community.

With the collapse of communism in 1991, Albania embarked on a path of economic transition, moving towards a market-oriented system. The early years of transition were marked by economic instability, hyperinflation, and political unrest. However, successive governments implemented reforms aimed at privatizing state-owned enterprises, liberalizing trade and investment, and improving the business environment.

2. Macroeconomic Overview:

Albania’s economy has experienced steady growth since the early 2000s, driven by exports, remittances, and foreign investment. According to the World Bank, Albania’s GDP grew at an average annual rate of around 3.5% between 2000 and 2020. However, the economy remains vulnerable to external shocks and structural challenges, including high unemployment, informal employment, and widespread poverty.

Key macroeconomic indicators include:

  • Gross Domestic Product (GDP): Albania’s GDP stood at approximately $15.6 billion in 2020, with services accounting for the largest share of economic activity, followed by industry and agriculture.
  • Inflation Rate: Inflation in Albania has been relatively low in recent years, averaging around 1-2% annually. However, inflationary pressures can arise from fluctuations in global commodity prices and exchange rate movements.
  • Unemployment Rate: Unemployment remains a significant challenge in Albania, particularly among youth and women. The official unemployment rate stood at around 11% in 2020, although the actual rate is believed to be higher due to underemployment and informal work.
  • Foreign Direct Investment (FDI): FDI inflows to Albania have fluctuated over the years, influenced by factors such as political stability, regulatory reforms, and regional dynamics. Key sectors attracting FDI include energy, tourism, and manufacturing.

3. Major Economic Sectors:

a. Agriculture: Agriculture plays a significant role in Albania’s economy, employing a large portion of the workforce and contributing to rural livelihoods. Key agricultural products include fruits, vegetables, olives, dairy, and livestock. However, the sector faces challenges such as land fragmentation, limited access to credit and technology, and vulnerability to weather-related risks.

b. Industry: Albania’s industrial sector is diverse and includes manufacturing, mining, construction, and energy production. The manufacturing industry encompasses textiles, food processing, chemicals, and machinery. Mining is also an important sector, with Albania possessing significant reserves of minerals such as chromium, copper, and petroleum.

c. Services: The services sector is the largest contributor to Albania’s GDP, encompassing a wide range of activities such as tourism, transportation, telecommunications, banking, and retail. Tourism, in particular, has emerged as a key driver of economic growth, with Albania’s scenic landscapes, cultural heritage, and Mediterranean coastline attracting an increasing number of visitors.

4. Foreign Trade and Investment:

Albania has pursued trade liberalization and integration into global markets as part of its economic reform agenda. The country is a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and has signed bilateral and regional trade agreements with neighboring countries and international partners. Key export products include textiles, footwear, minerals, agricultural products, and energy.

Foreign investment has played a crucial role in Albania’s economic development, contributing to job creation, technology transfer, and infrastructure development. However, challenges such as corruption, bureaucratic inefficiencies, and legal uncertainties have hindered investment inflows. Efforts to improve the investment climate include regulatory reforms, infrastructure upgrades, and public-private partnerships.

5. Infrastructure Development:

Albania has made significant investments in infrastructure development to support economic growth and improve connectivity within the country and with regional partners. Key infrastructure projects include road and highway construction, port and airport upgrades, energy infrastructure development, and telecommunications expansion.

The government has also prioritized investments in renewable energy, aiming to reduce dependency on imported fossil fuels and promote environmental sustainability. Albania has abundant hydroelectric potential, and investments in hydropower generation have increased in recent years, contributing to energy security and diversification.

6. Challenges and Opportunities:

Despite progress in economic reform and development, Albania faces several challenges that require attention from policymakers and stakeholders:

  • Unemployment and Informal Economy: High unemployment, particularly among youth and women, remains a persistent challenge. Addressing structural barriers to employment and promoting entrepreneurship and skills development are essential for inclusive growth.
  • Corruption and Governance: Corruption, bureaucratic inefficiencies, and weak governance continue to hamper economic development and investor confidence. Strengthening institutions, enhancing transparency, and enforcing the rule of law are critical for fostering a conducive business environment.
  • Regional Disparities: Disparities in economic development between urban and rural areas, as well as between regions, pose challenges to social cohesion and inclusive growth. Targeted policies and investments are needed to address infrastructure gaps, improve access to services, and promote regional development.
  • Environmental Sustainability: Albania faces environmental challenges, including pollution, deforestation, and water scarcity. Balancing economic development with environmental conservation and promoting sustainable practices in sectors such as energy, agriculture, and tourism are essential for long-term prosperity.

Despite these challenges, Albania also presents opportunities for economic diversification, innovation, and investment:

  • Tourism: Albania’s natural beauty, cultural heritage, and Mediterranean climate offer significant potential for tourism development. Investing in tourism infrastructure, promoting sustainable tourism practices, and diversifying tourism products can unlock growth opportunities and create jobs.
  • Trade and Investment: Albania’s strategic location, favorable trade agreements, and competitive labor costs make it an attractive destination for foreign investment and trade. Continued efforts to improve the investment climate, streamline regulations, and enhance infrastructure connectivity can further stimulate investment inflows and economic growth.
  • Human Capital Development: Investing in education, skills training, and innovation can enhance Albania’s human capital and productivity, driving economic competitiveness and inclusive growth. Supporting entrepreneurship, research and development, and technology adoption can unlock opportunities for innovation-led growth and job creation.

Conclusion:

Albania’s economy has undergone significant transformation since the fall of communism, transitioning from a centrally planned system to a market-oriented economy. Despite progress in economic reform and development, challenges such as high unemployment, corruption, and regional disparities persist.

However, Albania also presents opportunities for economic diversification, investment, and sustainable development. Leveraging its natural resources, strategic location, and human capital, Albania can unlock its full economic potential and achieve inclusive and sustainable growth in the years to come. With continued reforms, investments in infrastructure and human capital, and a commitment to good governance, Albania can chart a path towards prosperity and integration into the global economy.

]]>
South Africa Location on the Globe https://www.softwareleverage.org/south-africa-location-on-the-globe.html Tue, 19 Mar 2024 07:58:06 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1726 South Africa, officially known as the Republic of South Africa, is located at the southernmost tip of the African continent. Its geographical coordinates range from approximately 22° to 34° S latitude and 16° to 33° E longitude. Situated in the Southern Hemisphere, South Africa shares borders with Namibia, Botswana, and Zimbabwe to the north; Mozambique and Eswatini (formerly Swaziland) to the northeast; and Lesotho, an independent kingdom, is entirely surrounded by South Africa.

Covering an area of approximately 1.2 million square kilometers (470,000 square miles), South Africa is the 25th largest country in the world. Its diverse landscape encompasses expansive savannas, rugged mountains, coastal plains, semi-arid deserts, and lush forests. The Drakensberg Mountains, which form the eastern escarpment of the Great Escarpment, are one of the country’s most prominent geographical features, reaching heights of over 3,000 meters (9,800 feet).

According to Baglib, South Africa‘s coastline stretches for nearly 2,800 kilometers (1,700 miles) along the Atlantic Ocean to the west and the Indian Ocean to the east. The coastline is characterized by sandy beaches, rocky shores, and picturesque bays, including famous landmarks such as Cape Point, the southernmost tip of the African continent, and the Garden Route, a scenic stretch of coastline renowned for its natural beauty.

The country’s climate varies widely across different regions, influenced by factors such as latitude, altitude, and proximity to the oceans. The western and southern coastal areas have a Mediterranean climate, characterized by mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers. Inland regions experience a more continental climate, with hot summers, cold winters, and less precipitation. The northeastern parts of the country have a subtropical climate, with hot, humid summers and mild, wet winters.

South Africa‘s geographical location has played a significant role in shaping its history, culture, and identity. The region has been inhabited by various indigenous peoples for thousands of years, including the San (Bushmen) and Khoikhoi (Hottentots), who were hunter-gatherers and pastoralists, respectively. These indigenous groups were later joined by Bantu-speaking peoples, who migrated southward from Central Africa around 1,500 years ago and established thriving agricultural societies.

The arrival of European explorers and settlers in the 15th century marked the beginning of significant changes in South Africa‘s history. The Portuguese were the first Europeans to reach the southern tip of Africa, with Bartolomeu Dias sailing around the Cape of Good Hope in 1488. However, it was the Dutch who established the first permanent European settlement in South Africa in 1652, when the Dutch East India Company established a refreshment station at the Cape of Good Hope to resupply ships traveling to and from the Dutch East Indies (present-day Indonesia).

The Dutch settlement at the Cape gradually expanded as more European settlers, primarily of Dutch, German, and French Huguenot descent, arrived in search of land and opportunity. Over time, the Dutch settlers, known as Boers or Afrikaners, established farms and ranches in the interior, leading to conflicts with indigenous peoples and neighboring African kingdoms.

In the early 19th century, British colonial forces seized control of the Cape Colony from the Dutch during the Napoleonic Wars, leading to the establishment of British rule over the region. The British expanded their control over additional territories through a series of wars and annexations, including the Xhosa Wars against the Xhosa people in the Eastern Cape and the Anglo-Zulu War against the Zulu Kingdom in Natal.

The discovery of diamonds in the interior of South Africa in the late 19th century and gold in the Witwatersrand region in the 1880s sparked a mineral revolution and a massive influx of European immigrants seeking wealth and opportunity. The growth of the mining industry led to the rapid industrialization and urbanization of South Africa, transforming it into one of the wealthiest and most industrialized countries on the African continent.

However, the mining boom also fueled tensions between the European settlers and the indigenous African population, leading to the institutionalization of racial segregation and discrimination through a series of discriminatory laws and policies known as apartheid. The apartheid regime, implemented by the National Party government in 1948, enforced strict racial segregation and denied political and economic rights to non-white South Africans.

The apartheid era was characterized by widespread human rights abuses, including forced removals, pass laws, and brutal repression of political dissent. The African National Congress (ANC) and other anti-apartheid movements led a long and bitter struggle against apartheid, advocating for equality, justice, and democracy for all South Africans.

The apartheid system began to unravel in the 1980s, following years of international pressure, internal resistance, and economic sanctions. In 1990, then-President F.W. de Klerk announced the unbanning of the ANC and other anti-apartheid organizations and initiated negotiations for a transition to democracy. In 1994, South Africa held its first democratic elections, which saw Nelson Mandela, the leader of the ANC, elected as the country’s first black president.

Since the end of apartheid, South Africa has made significant strides towards reconciliation, nation-building, and democratic governance. The country’s constitution, adopted in 1996, enshrines principles of equality, human rights, and social justice, laying the foundation for a diverse and inclusive society.

South Africa‘s cultural diversity is reflected in its population, which is composed of various ethnic groups, including the Zulu, Xhosa, Afrikaner, English, and Indian communities, among others. The country is often referred to as the “Rainbow Nation” due to its multicultural heritage and vibrant mix of languages, religions, and traditions.

South Africa is home to 11 official languages, including isiZulu, isiXhosa, Afrikaans, English, and others, reflecting the linguistic diversity of its population. The country’s cultural heritage is celebrated through music, dance, art, literature, and cuisine, with influences from African, European, Asian, and indigenous traditions.

Traditional South African cuisine is known for its hearty and flavorful dishes, often featuring grilled meats, stews, maize meal, and vegetables. Some popular South African dishes include braai (barbecue), bobotie (a savory meat pie), pap (maize porridge), and chakalaka (a spicy vegetable relish), enjoyed with a variety of side dishes and condiments.

In conclusion, South Africa‘s location on the globe at the southern tip of Africa has shaped its history, culture, and identity in profound ways. From its diverse landscapes and rich natural resources to its complex history of colonialism, apartheid, and liberation struggle, South Africa‘s journey towards democracy and nation-building serves as a testament to the resilience and determination of its people. Today, South Africa stands as a beacon of hope and progress on the African continent, embracing its multicultural heritage and striving towards a future of equality, prosperity, and social justice for all its citizens.

]]>
Geography of Washington County, Rhode Island https://www.softwareleverage.org/geography-of-washington-county-rhode-island.html Thu, 14 Mar 2024 16:11:28 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1725 Washington County, located in the southernmost part of the U.S. state of Rhode Island, is a region known for its diverse geography, rich history, and scenic coastline. Encompassing an area of approximately 563 square miles, Washington County is situated along the Atlantic Ocean and is characterized by its mix of coastal plains, rolling hills, and pristine beaches. In this comprehensive overview, we’ll explore the geography, climate, rivers, lakes, and other significant features of Washington County. Check homethodology to learn more about the state of Rhode Island.

Geography:

Washington County is bordered by Kent County to the north, Narragansett Bay to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the south, and Connecticut to the west. The county’s geography is primarily characterized by its coastal plains and rolling hills, with elevations ranging from sea level along the coast to over 500 feet in the inland areas. The county seat and largest city is South Kingstown, located near the center of the county.

Climate:

The climate of Washington County is classified as humid subtropical, with four distinct seasons characterized by mild, wet winters and warm, humid summers. The region experiences moderate precipitation throughout the year, with most of the rainfall occurring during the summer months. Summers are typically warm, with average high temperatures in the 70s°F to 80s°F range, while winters are cool, with average low temperatures in the 20s°F to 30s°F range.

Coastal Features:

Washington County boasts over 100 miles of coastline along the Atlantic Ocean, making it a popular destination for beachgoers, surfers, and outdoor enthusiasts. The county’s coastline features sandy beaches, rocky cliffs, and picturesque harbors, as well as lighthouses and historic seaside villages. Some of the notable coastal features in Washington County include:

  1. Narragansett Bay: Narragansett Bay is a large estuary that forms the eastern boundary of Washington County and is known for its scenic beauty and recreational opportunities. The bay provides habitat for a variety of marine life, including fish, birds, and shellfish, and supports important ecosystems.
  2. Block Island: Block Island is located approximately 12 miles south of the mainland and is part of Washington County. The island is a popular tourist destination and offers sandy beaches, hiking trails, and historic landmarks, as well as fishing, sailing, and birdwatching opportunities.

Rivers:

While Washington County does not have many major rivers, it is intersected by several smaller streams and creeks that flow through its landscape. These streams and creeks provide habitat for wildlife and contribute to the region’s drainage system. Some of the notable rivers and creeks in Washington County include:

  1. Pawcatuck River: The Pawcatuck River forms part of the western boundary of Washington County and flows southward from Rhode Island into Connecticut. The river is popular for fishing, particularly for trout and bass, as well as kayaking, canoeing, and birdwatching along its banks.
  2. Usquepaug River: The Usquepaug River flows through the central part of Washington County, originating in the town of South Kingstown and flowing southeastward to its confluence with the Pawcatuck River. The river is known for its scenic beauty and provides opportunities for fishing and wildlife viewing.

Lakes:

While Washington County does not have many natural lakes, there are several ponds and reservoirs within the county that offer recreational opportunities for residents and visitors. These bodies of water provide opportunities for fishing, boating, swimming, and picnicking. Some of the notable lakes and ponds in Washington County include:

  1. Watchaug Pond: Watchaug Pond is located in the western part of Washington County, near the town of Charlestown. The pond is popular for fishing, particularly for largemouth bass and perch, as well as kayaking, canoeing, and picnicking at the public beach.
  2. Indian Lake: Indian Lake is a man-made reservoir located in the northern part of Washington County, near the town of South Kingstown. The lake is popular for fishing, boating, and swimming, as well as hiking and birdwatching along the trails that surround the lake.

Parks and Recreation Areas:

Washington County is home to several parks, wildlife refuges, and recreational areas that showcase the region’s natural beauty and provide opportunities for outdoor recreation and leisure. These areas offer hiking trails, camping facilities, picnic areas, and other amenities for visitors to enjoy. Some of the notable parks and recreation areas in Washington County include:

  1. Arcadia Management Area: Arcadia Management Area is located in the western part of Washington County and encompasses over 14,000 acres of protected land. The area features hiking trails, fishing ponds, and camping areas, as well as hunting and wildlife viewing opportunities.
  2. Fort Ninigret Park: Fort Ninigret Park is located in the town of Charlestown and is home to the historic Fort Ninigret, a colonial-era fortification that dates back to the 17th century. The park features walking trails, picnic areas, and interpretive exhibits that highlight the region’s history and culture.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, Washington County, Rhode Island, is a region of diverse geography, abundant natural beauty, and rich cultural heritage. From its scenic coastline and pristine beaches to its rolling hills and historic landmarks, the county offers a variety of landscapes and activities for residents and visitors to enjoy. Whether you’re exploring the trails of Arcadia Management Area, relaxing on the shores of Watchaug Pond, or discovering the history of Fort Ninigret Park, Washington County has something for everyone to experience and appreciate in the great outdoors.

]]>
Geography of Kent County, Rhode Island https://www.softwareleverage.org/geography-of-kent-county-rhode-island-2.html Thu, 14 Mar 2024 06:18:43 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1724 Kent County, located in the western part of Rhode Island, is a region of rich history, diverse landscapes, and vibrant communities. From its picturesque coastline along Narragansett Bay to its rolling hills and tranquil rivers, the county offers a variety of geographical features and natural attractions. This comprehensive overview will explore the geography, climate, rivers, lakes, and other prominent features of Kent County, providing insight into its unique charm and environmental significance. Check bittranslators to learn more about the state of Rhode Island.

Geography:

Narragansett Bay:

Kent County is bordered to the east by Narragansett Bay, a scenic estuary that stretches from Providence to the Atlantic Ocean. The bay’s coastline features sandy beaches, rocky shores, and tidal marshes, providing habitat for a variety of plant and animal species. Narragansett Bay offers opportunities for boating, fishing, kayaking, and birdwatching, attracting residents and visitors alike.

Coastal Plain:

The western portion of Kent County consists of a coastal plain characterized by gently rolling hills, farmland, and suburban development. The coastal plain extends inland from Narragansett Bay and is home to several small towns and villages, including East Greenwich, Warwick, and Coventry. Agriculture, residential development, and tourism are important economic activities in this part of the county.

Wooded Areas:

Inland from the coastal plain, Kent County features wooded areas and rural landscapes, including the Arcadia Management Area and several state parks and conservation areas. These forests provide habitat for wildlife and offer opportunities for hiking, camping, hunting, and nature study. The woodlands also help to protect water quality and regulate the flow of rivers and streams.

Pawtuxet River:

The Pawtuxet River flows through the heart of Kent County, meandering from its headwaters in western Rhode Island to its mouth at Pawtuxet Cove in Warwick. The river provides habitat for fish, birds, and other wildlife and supports recreational activities such as fishing, canoeing, and wildlife viewing. The Pawtuxet River also has historical significance, as it was once a center of industry and commerce in the region.

Lakes and Ponds:

Kent County is home to several lakes and ponds, including Warwick Pond, Meshanticut Pond, and Quidnick Reservoir. These bodies of water provide habitat for fish and waterfowl and offer opportunities for boating, fishing, and picnicking. Warwick Pond, in particular, is a popular destination for kayaking, paddleboarding, and birdwatching.

Climate:

Temperature:

Kent County experiences a humid subtropical climate, with warm summers and cool winters. Average temperatures range from the 20s and 30s Fahrenheit in winter to the 70s and 80s in summer. Temperature extremes are rare, although occasional heatwaves in summer and cold snaps in winter can occur.

Precipitation:

Precipitation in Kent County is evenly distributed throughout the year, with an average annual rainfall of around 45 to 50 inches. The majority of precipitation falls in the form of rain, although snowfall can occur during the winter months, particularly in inland areas. Spring and fall often see periods of increased rainfall, contributing to the county’s lush vegetation and scenic landscapes.

Coastal Influence:

The proximity to Narragansett Bay influences the climate of Kent County, with cooler temperatures and higher humidity levels near the coast. Sea breezes help to moderate temperatures in summer, while the bay’s waters provide some insulation against extreme cold in winter. Coastal areas may also experience more frequent fog and mist compared to inland areas.

Economic Activities:

Tourism and Recreation:

Tourism and recreation are significant economic drivers in Kent County, thanks to its scenic coastline, outdoor recreational opportunities, and cultural attractions. Visitors come to the county to enjoy activities such as boating, fishing, swimming, and beachcombing along Narragansett Bay. The county’s state parks, nature reserves, and historic sites also attract tourists seeking hiking, birdwatching, and cultural experiences.

Maritime Industry:

The maritime industry plays a prominent role in Kent County’s economy, thanks to its location along Narragansett Bay. The bay serves as a hub for commercial fishing, recreational boating, and maritime commerce, supporting industries such as boatbuilding, marine services, and tourism. The Port of Davisville in North Kingstown is one of the largest auto importers on the East Coast, handling thousands of vehicles each year.

Agriculture:

While urbanization has reduced the amount of farmland in Kent County, agriculture remains an important industry in the region. Farmers cultivate a variety of crops, including vegetables, fruits, and nursery plants, on the county’s fertile soils. Dairy farming, poultry production, and horse breeding are also prevalent in some areas, contributing to the county’s agricultural heritage and rural character.

Conclusion:

Kent County, Rhode Island, offers a diverse and dynamic landscape that encompasses coastline, farmland, woodlands, and rivers. From the shores of Narragansett Bay to the rural countryside, the county’s geography provides a wealth of natural beauty and recreational opportunities for residents and visitors alike. Whether exploring state parks, fishing in rivers and ponds, or strolling along coastal trails, visitors to Kent County are sure to be captivated by its timeless charm and vibrant communities.

]]>
Geography of Kent County, Rhode Island https://www.softwareleverage.org/geography-of-kent-county-rhode-island.html Wed, 13 Mar 2024 17:34:12 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1723 Geography of Kent County, Rhode Island

Kent County, located in the central part of Rhode Island, is a region characterized by its diverse geography, encompassing coastal plains, rolling hills, and historic waterways. This county, situated between Providence and Narragansett Bay, offers residents and visitors alike a blend of natural beauty, cultural heritage, and recreational opportunities that reflect its rich history and landscape. Check allunitconverters to learn more about the state of Rhode Island.

Terrain and Landforms

The topography of Kent County is varied and picturesque, with elevations ranging from sea level along the coast to over 500 feet in the western part of the county. The county is primarily composed of coastal plains and low hills, with fertile farmland and forested areas interspersed throughout the region.

One of the defining features of Kent County is Narragansett Bay, a large estuarine body of water that forms the county’s eastern border. The bay is characterized by its numerous coves, inlets, and islands, providing habitat for a variety of marine life and offering opportunities for boating, fishing, and other recreational activities.

In addition to Narragansett Bay, Kent County is also home to several other notable landforms, including the Potowomut Peninsula to the south and the East Greenwich Hills to the west. These hills and ridges offer panoramic views of the surrounding countryside and provide habitat for a variety of plant and animal species.

The county’s landscape is further shaped by its numerous rivers, streams, and small lakes, including the Pawtuxet River, the Flat River, and the Big River. These waterways meander through the countryside, providing scenic views and serving as important habitats for fish, amphibians, and other aquatic species.

Climate

Kent County experiences a humid subtropical climate, characterized by four distinct seasons and a wide range of temperatures throughout the year. Summers are typically warm and humid, with temperatures often reaching into the 80s and occasionally exceeding 90 degrees Fahrenheit. Thunderstorms are common during the summer months, bringing heavy rainfall and occasional gusty winds.

Winters in Kent County are generally cold and snowy, with average temperatures ranging from the 20s to the 40s Fahrenheit. While snowfall is common from December through March, accumulations are usually light, with major winter storms bringing only a few inches of snow at a time. Despite the cold temperatures, winter weather rarely persists for long periods, and the landscape quickly returns to its greenery in spring.

Spring and fall in Kent County are relatively mild, with temperatures gradually warming up in the spring and cooling down in the fall. Spring is a time of renewal, as trees and flowers begin to bloom and wildlife becomes more active after the long winter months. Fall, on the other hand, is characterized by vibrant foliage as the leaves change colors and the landscape takes on a golden hue.

Precipitation in Kent County is relatively evenly distributed throughout the year, with the majority of rainfall occurring during the spring and summer months. The region receives an average of around 45 inches of precipitation annually, which helps to sustain the county’s lush vegetation and abundant water resources.

Rivers and Lakes

Narragansett Bay is the primary waterway in Kent County, serving as a vital transportation route and economic lifeline for the region. The bay’s extensive shoreline provides habitat for a variety of marine life, including fish, shellfish, and seabirds, as well as offering opportunities for boating, fishing, and other recreational activities.

In addition to Narragansett Bay, Kent County is also home to several other notable rivers and streams, including the Pawtuxet River, the Flat River, and the Big River. These waterways meander through the countryside, providing important habitats for fish and wildlife, as well as offering opportunities for kayaking, canoeing, and fishing.

While lakes are relatively scarce in Kent County, there are several small ponds and reservoirs scattered throughout the region, including Pawtuxet Cove and Meshanticut Lake. These bodies of water provide opportunities for fishing, boating, and picnicking, as well as serving as important habitats for waterfowl and other wildlife.

Conclusion

Kent County, Rhode Island, is a region of diverse natural beauty and cultural heritage, characterized by its coastal plains, rolling hills, and historic waterways. The county’s humid subtropical climate, with four distinct seasons and a wide range of temperatures throughout the year, shapes the landscape and influences the distribution of plant and animal life. From its scenic coastline and fertile farmland to its abundant wildlife and recreational opportunities, Kent County offers residents and visitors alike a chance to experience the unique charm and beauty of Rhode Island’s central region.

]]>
Geography of Chisago County, Minnesota https://www.softwareleverage.org/geography-of-chisago-county-minnesota.html Mon, 11 Mar 2024 17:49:01 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1721 Chisago County, situated in east-central Minnesota, is known for its scenic landscapes, numerous lakes, and rural charm. The county is part of the Twin Cities Metropolitan Area, and its geography is characterized by rolling hills, forests, and water bodies. To provide a comprehensive overview, let’s explore the climate, topographical features, rivers, lakes, and other essential elements that define the geography of Chisago County. Check ehuacom to learn more about the state of Minnesota.

Climate: Chisago County experiences a humid continental climate with four distinct seasons. The climate is influenced by its northern location and proximity to the Great Lakes. Winters are cold, with temperatures often dropping below freezing, while summers are warm and humid. Average high temperatures in the summer range from the mid-70s to low 80s Fahrenheit (around 24 to 28 degrees Celsius), and winter temperatures can fall below zero.

Topography: The topography of Chisago County is characterized by rolling hills, forests, and lakes. The county is part of the St. Croix Moraines, an area shaped by glacial activity during the last ice age. Elevation varies across the county, contributing to its diverse landscapes and providing scenic views.

St. Croix River: The St. Croix River forms a portion of Chisago County’s eastern border, separating it from the state of Wisconsin. The river is a National Scenic Riverway, known for its clear waters, scenic bluffs, and recreational opportunities. Boating, fishing, and hiking along the St. Croix River are popular activities enjoyed by residents and visitors alike.

Rush Lake: Rush Lake is one of the larger lakes in Chisago County, offering opportunities for boating, fishing, and water recreation. The lake is part of a chain of lakes in the area, contributing to the county’s reputation as a destination for outdoor enthusiasts.

Green Lake: Green Lake, located in the southern part of the county, is another notable water body. Surrounded by forests and rolling hills, Green Lake provides a peaceful and scenic setting. The lake is a popular spot for fishing and boating, and its shores offer opportunities for lakeside recreation.

Wildlife Management Areas: Chisago County features several Wildlife Management Areas (WMAs) that contribute to its natural beauty and biodiversity. These areas, such as the Carlos Avery WMA, provide habitats for a variety of wildlife species and offer opportunities for birdwatching, hiking, and nature observation.

Lindstrom and Chisago City Lakes: The cities of Lindstrom and Chisago City are situated near a group of lakes, including North and South Lindstrom Lakes and Chisago Lake. These lakes contribute to the recreational appeal of the area, with parks, beaches, and waterfront amenities enhancing the quality of life for residents.

Agricultural Lands: Chisago County has a mix of agricultural lands, including farmlands and pastures. The fertile soils support the cultivation of crops such as corn, soybeans, and hay. Agriculture plays a role in the county’s economy and contributes to its rural character.

Interstate State Park: Interstate State Park, located along the St. Croix River, is a unique geological area that straddles the Minnesota-Wisconsin border. The park features glacial potholes, cliffs, and scenic overlooks. Hiking trails and interpretive programs make Interstate State Park a popular destination for both educational and recreational purposes.

Outdoor Recreation: Chisago County is a haven for outdoor recreation, offering opportunities for hiking, biking, camping, and winter sports. The county’s parks, trails, and natural areas cater to a variety of outdoor interests, fostering an active and healthy lifestyle for residents.

Wild River State Park: Adjacent to Chisago County, Wild River State Park is located along the St. Croix River and contributes to the region’s natural appeal. The park features wooded areas, prairies, and riverfront landscapes. Visitors can engage in activities such as camping, birdwatching, and cross-country skiing.

Lent Township Lakes: Lent Township, situated in the northern part of Chisago County, is home to several lakes, including North and South Center Lakes. These lakes enhance the rural character of the township and provide residents with scenic views and recreational opportunities.

Isanti County: Chisago County shares its northern border with Isanti County. The counties’ proximity allows for regional collaboration and the sharing of natural resources. The landscape in this area includes a mix of forests, farmlands, and lakes.

Climate-Resilient Agriculture: Given the seasonal climate variations, agriculture in Chisago County utilizes climate-resilient practices. Farmers adapt to changing weather patterns, implement conservation techniques, and participate in programs that promote sustainable agriculture. The county’s agricultural sector is essential for both its economy and rural landscapes.

Cultural Heritage: Chisago County has a cultural heritage that is reflected in its communities, events, and historical sites. The cities and towns in the county have preserved historical structures and traditions, contributing to a sense of continuity and community identity.

Cities and Towns: Chisago County includes several cities and towns, each with its own unique character. Lindstrom, Chisago City, Wyoming, and others contribute to the county’s diversity, offering a mix of residential, commercial, and recreational amenities.

Education and Community Services: Access to education and community services is important for the well-being of Chisago County residents. The county has educational institutions, healthcare facilities, and community services that contribute to the quality of life for its residents.

Transportation and Connectivity: Chisago County is accessible by major highways, including Interstate 35 and U.S. Route 8. These roadways provide connectivity within the county and link it to neighboring regions. Accessibility is crucial for economic activities, transportation of goods, and the movement of residents.

Healthcare Facilities: Chisago County is served by healthcare facilities and medical centers that provide essential healthcare services to residents. These facilities contribute to the well-being of the community and support public health initiatives.

Challenges and Opportunities: Chisago County faces challenges related to maintaining a balance between development and conservation, addressing the impacts of climate change, and preserving its rural character. Opportunities lie in sustainable development practices, community engagement, and initiatives that enhance the resilience of the county.

Conservation Efforts: The county actively engages in conservation efforts, including the preservation of natural habitats, water quality management, and sustainable land use practices. These initiatives aim to protect the county’s natural resources and maintain its environmental integrity.

Economic Diversity: While agriculture is a significant component of the county’s economy, Chisago County recognizes the importance of economic diversity. The presence of recreational tourism, outdoor activities, and small businesses contributes to a balanced economic landscape.

Future Growth and Sustainability: Chisago County is mindful of future growth and sustainability. Planning efforts focus on smart development, preservation of green spaces, and initiatives that enhance the county’s resilience to environmental challenges.

In Conclusion: Chisago County, Minnesota, is characterized by its diverse landscapes, lakes, and outdoor recreational opportunities. The St. Croix River, lakes, and state parks contribute to the county’s natural beauty, while agriculture and rural communities add to its charm. As Chisago County continues to address challenges and embrace opportunities, its commitment to conservation, community well-being, and sustainable growth remains central to its identity and appeal.

]]>
Geography of Del Norte County, California https://www.softwareleverage.org/geography-of-del-norte-county-california.html Tue, 05 Mar 2024 06:49:27 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1717 Del Norte County, located in the northwest corner of California, is a region of rugged coastline, ancient redwood forests, and diverse ecosystems. From its stunning beaches and majestic rivers to its towering mountains and pristine lakes, Del Norte County offers a wealth of natural beauty and outdoor recreation opportunities. In this detailed exploration, we’ll delve into the geography, climate, rivers, lakes, and other notable features of Del Norte County.

Geography:

According to Thesciencetutor, Del Norte County covers an area of approximately 1,230 square miles (3,186 square kilometers) and is situated along the Pacific Ocean, bordered by Oregon to the north and Humboldt County to the south. It is the northernmost county on California’s coast and is known for its remote and unspoiled wilderness areas.

The county’s geography is characterized by its diverse landscapes, including rugged coastline, ancient redwood forests, and mountainous terrain. The western part of the county is dominated by the Smith River watershed and the rugged coastline of the Pacific Ocean, while the eastern part is home to the Siskiyou Mountains and the Klamath River watershed.

The county seat, Crescent City, is located along the coast in the northern part of Del Norte County and serves as the commercial and cultural center of the region. Other communities in the county include Smith River, Gasquet, and Klamath, each with its own unique character and amenities.

Climate:

Del Norte County experiences a Mediterranean climate, characterized by mild, wet winters and cool, dry summers. The region’s climate is influenced by its proximity to the Pacific Ocean and the coastal mountains, which moderate temperatures and bring abundant rainfall.

Summers in Del Norte County are typically cool and foggy, with average temperatures ranging from the mid-50s to low 60s Fahrenheit (around 13 to 17 degrees Celsius). The marine layer often blankets the coastline, keeping temperatures mild and providing relief from the summer heat. Despite the cool temperatures, summer days can be sunny and pleasant, making it an ideal time to explore the county’s outdoor attractions.

Winters in Del Norte County are mild and wet, with average temperatures ranging from the mid-40s to low 50s Fahrenheit (around 7 to 10 degrees Celsius). Rainfall is common during the winter months, with the majority of precipitation falling between November and April. The mountains in the eastern part of the county often receive snowfall during the winter months, providing opportunities for winter sports such as skiing and snowboarding.

Spring and fall are transitional seasons in Del Norte County, with mild temperatures and changing foliage making them pleasant times to visit. Spring brings the blooming of wildflowers and the greening of the landscape, while fall showcases the vibrant colors of changing leaves and the harvest of agricultural crops.

Rivers and Lakes:

Del Norte County is blessed with an abundance of rivers, creeks, and lakes, which provide valuable habitat for fish and wildlife and support recreational activities such as fishing, boating, and kayaking.

The Smith River is one of the most iconic rivers in California and flows through the heart of Del Norte County, winding its way from the Siskiyou Mountains to the Pacific Ocean. Known for its crystal-clear waters, pristine habitat, and world-class fishing, the Smith River offers opportunities for steelhead and salmon fishing, as well as scenic beauty and wildlife viewing along its banks.

In addition to the Smith River, Del Norte County is also home to several smaller rivers and streams, such as the Klamath River, the Elk River, and Mill Creek, which meander through the countryside and provide habitat for fish, wildlife, and vegetation. These waterways offer opportunities for fishing, canoeing, and tubing, as well as scenic beauty and wildlife viewing.

While Del Norte County does not have any natural lakes of significant size, it is home to several reservoirs and ponds, which provide water for irrigation, recreation, and wildlife habitat. These include reservoirs such as Lake Earl and Lake Talawa, as well as smaller ponds and impoundments scattered throughout the county.

Redwood Forests:

Del Norte County is renowned for its ancient redwood forests, which are some of the tallest and oldest trees on Earth. The Jedediah Smith Redwoods State Park, located in the northern part of the county, is home to some of the largest and most majestic redwood trees in the world, including the Stout Grove and the Grove of Titans.

The redwood forests of Del Norte County provide habitat for a wide variety of plant and animal species, including black bears, Roosevelt elk, and spotted owls. Visitors to the area can explore the park’s network of hiking trails, which meander through old-growth forests, lush fern canyons, and tranquil streams.

In addition to Jedediah Smith Redwoods State Park, Del Norte County is also home to the Redwood National and State Parks, a UNESCO World Heritage Site that protects over 139,000 acres (56,000 hectares) of pristine redwood habitat along the coast. The parks offer opportunities for camping, hiking, wildlife viewing, and ranger-led programs, as well as scenic drives and picnicking areas.

Coastline:

Del Norte County boasts a rugged coastline along the Pacific Ocean, with dramatic sea cliffs, rocky headlands, and sandy beaches. The coastline is dotted with scenic overlooks, tide pools, and natural arches, providing ample opportunities for sightseeing, photography, and beachcombing.

Some of the most iconic landmarks along the coast include Battery Point Lighthouse, a historic lighthouse located on a rocky islet near Crescent City, and Enderts Beach, a secluded beach nestled between sea stacks and forested bluffs in Redwood National and State Parks.

The coastline of Del Norte County is also known for its wildlife, including harbor seals, sea lions, and migrating whales, which can often be spotted offshore during the winter and spring months. Birdwatchers will also appreciate the diverse birdlife along the coast, including seabirds such as pelicans, cormorants, and gulls.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, Del Norte County, California, offers a captivating blend of natural beauty, outdoor recreation, and cultural heritage. From its ancient redwood forests and majestic rivers to its rugged coastline and pristine beaches, the county’s geography reflects the unique character of the Pacific Northwest. Whether exploring the towering trees of Jedediah Smith Redwoods State Park, hiking along the Smith River, or watching the sunset over the Pacific Ocean, Del Norte County has something to offer for residents and visitors alike.

]]>
Geography of Clackamas County, Oregon https://www.softwareleverage.org/geography-of-clackamas-county-oregon.html Mon, 04 Mar 2024 04:19:53 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1716 Geography of Clackamas County, Oregon

Clackamas County, situated in northwestern Oregon, is a region distinguished by its diverse landscapes, abundant natural resources, and outdoor recreational opportunities. Encompassing approximately 1,879 square miles, the county is known for its lush forests, scenic rivers, and stunning mountain vistas. In this comprehensive exploration, we delve into the intricate details of Clackamas County’s geography, including its climate, rivers, lakes, and notable landmarks.

Geographical Features:

According to thereligionfaqs, Clackamas County’s landscape is defined by its varied topography, which includes rugged mountains, fertile valleys, and dense forests. The county is situated within the Pacific Northwest region of the United States, which is known for its temperate climate and abundant rainfall.

The western part of Clackamas County is dominated by the foothills of the Cascade Range, which rise sharply from the Willamette Valley to the east. This area is characterized by dense forests of Douglas fir, western hemlock, and red cedar, as well as numerous streams and waterfalls.

The eastern part of Clackamas County is flatter and more agricultural, with fertile farmland and small towns dotting the landscape. The county is bordered to the east by the Cascade Range, which includes iconic peaks such as Mount Hood, Mount Jefferson, and Mount Adams.

Climate:

Clackamas County experiences a marine west coast climate, with mild, wet winters and warm, dry summers. The region’s climate is influenced by its proximity to the Pacific Ocean and its location within the rain shadow of the Cascade Range.

Summer temperatures in Clackamas County typically range from the 70s°F to 80s°F (21-27°C), while winter temperatures are mild, with highs averaging in the 40s°F to 50s°F (4-10°C). The county receives moderate to heavy precipitation throughout the year, with most of it falling in the form of rain during the winter months.

Rivers and Waterways:

Clackamas County is traversed by several rivers and waterways that flow through its scenic landscapes, providing vital habitats for wildlife and offering opportunities for fishing, boating, and recreational activities. The most significant of these is the Clackamas River, which originates in the Cascade Range and flows westward through the county before joining the Willamette River.

In addition to the Clackamas River, the county is home to several other notable rivers and streams, including the Sandy River, the Molalla River, and the Pudding River. These waterways not only support local ecosystems but also provide important sources of water for both wildlife and human populations.

Lakes and Reservoirs:

While Clackamas County does not have any natural lakes, it is home to several man-made reservoirs and ponds that provide recreational opportunities for residents and visitors alike. The most notable of these is the Timothy Lake, located in the Mount Hood National Forest. Timothy Lake offers camping, fishing, and boating opportunities in a scenic mountain setting.

In addition to Timothy Lake, Clackamas County has several other reservoirs and ponds, including North Fork Reservoir and Harriet Lake. These water bodies provide opportunities for fishing, swimming, and wildlife viewing, as well as serving as important sources of water for irrigation and agriculture.

Notable Landmarks:

Beyond its natural features, Clackamas County boasts several notable landmarks and attractions that showcase its rich history and cultural heritage. The town of Oregon City is home to the Oregon City Municipal Elevator, which offers panoramic views of the Willamette River and the surrounding countryside.

Another iconic landmark in Clackamas County is the Mount Hood National Forest, which encompasses over 1.1 million acres of pristine wilderness and includes iconic attractions such as Timberline Lodge and Trillium Lake. The forest offers hiking, camping, skiing, and other outdoor activities for visitors to enjoy year-round.

In conclusion, Clackamas County, Oregon, offers a captivating blend of natural beauty, outdoor recreation, and cultural heritage. From its lush forests and scenic rivers to its historic landmarks and cultural attractions, the county’s geography reflects the unique character of the Pacific Northwest. Whether exploring its picturesque landscapes, enjoying its recreational opportunities, or learning about its rich history, Clackamas County invites visitors to experience the beauty and tranquility of northwestern Oregon.

]]>
Yokohama, Japan https://www.softwareleverage.org/yokohama-japan.html Fri, 10 Feb 2023 07:23:53 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1407 The capital of Kanagawa Prefecture, the second largest city in Japan and the most populous municipality in the country, Yokohama, located on the coast of Tokyo Bay, is part of the Kanto region of the main island of the Japanese archipelago – Honshu. See citypopulationreview.com for weather information.

How to get there

Yokohama does not have its own airport, and the closest ones are located in Tokyo – these are Narita and Haneda airports.

Some Narita Express trains from Narita Airport stop in Yokohama (1hr 30min, JPY 4290). Buses operated by Limousine Buses run between Narita and Yokohama City Air Terminal YCAT (2-3 hours, 3600 JPY). And the most economical way is to take the Keisei line to Nippori and then the Keihin-Tohoku line to Yokohama (2 hours, about 3000 JPY).

From Haneda Airport to Yokohama, you can take the Keikyu Express Line (30-35 min., 480 JPY), but keep in mind that the express train has several destinations. If the train’s destination is Shin-Zushi Station or Kanazawa Bunko Station, you can safely go straight to Yokohama. If the train follows a different route, you must change at Keikyu-Kamata Station for the express train departing from platform No. 2.

By train

The connection from Tokyo to Yokohama is carried out by several railway lines. From Western Tokyo, in particular from the stations of Omiya, Akabane, Ikebukuro, Shinjuku, Shibuya, Osaka, trains of the Shonan-Shinjuku line leave for Yokohama. The Tokaido Line serves Tokyo and Shinagawa stations, from Ueno and Akihabara stations Yokohama can be reached by trains on the Keihin-Tohoku line, from Ebina station on trains on the Sotetsu line.

History of Yokohama

In the 19th century, after the collapse of the Sakoku policy (Japan’s self-isolation from the outside world), Yokohama became the country’s first port open to foreign trade. In 1865, Japan’s first ice cream and beer are produced in Yokohama. In 1870, Japan’s first daily newspaper appeared, and in 1872, gas lamps appeared. Japan’s first train line opens in Yokohama, linking the city to Tokyo. That same year, Jules Verne included Yokohama, which he had never visited, in an episode of his then-popular book Around the World in Eighty Days, describing it as a booming, Western-oriented Japanese city. However, as a result of the severe destruction caused by the Great Kanto Earthquake and the bombing of World War II, Yokohama has still not been able to restore its former prominence.

Entertainment and attractions in Yokohama

One of the largest business centers of Greater Tokyo is the futuristic Minato-Mirai-21, or the “Port of the Future” of Yokohama, the symbol of which is the Landmark Tower (296 m), or the “Landmark Tower” – the tallest building in Yokohama and the third tallest in Japan. To the top of the tower, which offers stunning views of the city, you can climb the elevators, they say, the fastest in Japan. Right there, in Minato Mirai-21, there is a Ferris wheel (at the time of its construction in 1989, the tallest in the world), concurrently performing the functions of a clock, currently the largest in the world.

In the Shin-Yokohama area, located at some distance from the Port of the Future, there is the Yokohama Arena stadium with a capacity of up to 17 thousand people, the Ramen Museum and the Nissan Stadium, also known as the Yokohama International Stadium – one of the arenas of the World Cup football in 2002.

Yokohama Chinatown, with a history of about 150 years, is the largest in Japan and one of the largest in the world. Located between Yamashita Park and Ishikawacho Street, the neighborhood grew up around the Chinese Kanteibyo Temple, built in 1887.

Not far from Chinatown are the Yokohama Stadium, the Silk Center with an exposition of the Silk Museum, dedicated to all stages of its production and processing – from breeding silkworms to hand-dyeing fabrics for expensive kimonos; as well as a doll museum with over a thousand toys from all over the world.

Ramen museum

Opened in 1994 in Yokohama, the Ramen Museum dedicated to the “ubiquitous” Chinese noodles is more than just a museum – it is both a theme park and a hypermall. The ground floor of the museum is dedicated to numerous exhibits; there is also a gift shop here. The rest of the museum, located on two underground levels, is a miniature historical park. So, the year is 1958, and in a noisy working-class quarter filled with tiny shops, houses and restaurants, work is in full swing – sellers sell cotton candy and cakes, “old-fashioned” bars offer sake. But perhaps the main attraction of the park are eight restaurants, each of which specializes in its own unique variety of noodles. The museum is open daily from 11:00 am to 11:00 pm, the entrance fee is 500 JPY, food and drinks are sold separately.

Parks of Yokohama

Yokohama has the most beautiful parks – this is the Sankeien Landscape Park and Open Air Museum, Yamashita Park and Minato-no-Mieru-oka-koen Park with beautiful views of the bay.

Sankeien is a landscaped park and open-air museum that showcases traditional wooden structures, temples, and residences from all over the country. Park with an area of ​​175 thousand square meters. m, designed by Tomitaro Hara, known under the pseudonym Sankei Hara, was opened in 1906.

The pearl of Yamashita Park, opened in 1923, is the passenger liner Hikawa Maru, known as the Queen of the Pacific. In 1961, the liner was opened as a museum dedicated to the history of the Japanese Navy. In 2006 the museum was closed. And the further fate of the liner is unknown. However, after the restoration of the liner, launched by Japan’s largest shipping company Nippon-Yusen in 2007, on the day of its 78th anniversary, Hikawa-maru was reopened to the public.

Amusement parks

Other attractions in Yokohama include the Hakkeijima marine entertainment center with the largest aquarium in Japan located on an artificial island, as well as Joypolis and Yokohama Dreamland amusement parks. Of considerable interest is the so-called theater street Isezaki-Cho – the largest and most famous commercial and entertainment district of the city with a wide variety of restaurants, nightclubs, cafes, discos and theaters.

Yokohama, Japan

]]>
How to Get to Antigua and Barbuda https://www.softwareleverage.org/how-to-get-to-antigua-and-barbuda.html Fri, 03 Feb 2023 07:40:42 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1404 Until recently, there were two airports in the country: the international V.K. Bird, 6 km from St. John’s, and a small one in Codrington, which receives domestic flights. Now only the first one is working, the second one was destroyed by the same hurricane.  According to petwithsupplies, St. John’s is one of the largest cities in Antigua and Barbuda.

There are no direct flights from Russia to Antigua, you can fly from Moscow with 1-2 transfers. The cheapest way to get there is with Aeroflot and Jet Blue: tickets from Sheremetyevo cost from 790 USD round-trip, a flight with a connection in New York lasts from 32 hours. Flights that are optimal in terms of price and speed are organized by British Airways: from 990 USD in both directions, from 16.5 hours via London with a departure from Domodedovo.

Each passenger leaving Antigua and Barbuda by air must pay an airport tax of 30 USD.

The only public transport that stops near the airport is minibus number 42, which runs between the West End and American University. The fare is 2.70 XCD, tickets are sold from the driver. You can get to other points of the island by taxi: from the airport to the center of St. John’s, you will get a house for 30-35 XCD, a transfer to large hotels is at fixed rates.

Transport

By minibuses (about 10 routes in total) you can get from the capital to Falmouth, English Harbour, the West End and other points of the island, it is quite convenient and cheap (2.70 XCD per trip), the journey takes no more than half an hour. There is no public transport in Dickenson Bay and other northern locations.

There are even fewer buses to Antigua on Sundays than on weekdays.

Ferries deliver to Barbuda (off. site in English), a round trip costs 220 XCD, departure 1-2 times a day from St. John ‘s harbor. Taxis run around Antigua, and trips between the main points are paid at fixed rates. Taxi drivers are qualified guides for fact-finding tours – it is quite possible to combine business with pleasure.

Car rental in Antigua and Barbuda

There are about a dozen car rental agencies in Antigua, both local and international level Avis and Hertz, most of them have offices at the airport. To rent a car, you need a national or international driver’s license, a credit card, and a local driving permit issued by the rental office (you need to show your license and pay 55 XCD to purchase it).

International car rental companies have more guarantees, but the prices are much higher: renting a compact car costs from 200 XCD per day, a standard model – from 235 XCD, an SUV – from 275 XCD, while for local ones – from 70 XCD, 100 XCD and 160 XCD, respectively.. The cost of gasoline is 3.50 XCD per 1 liter.

Most of the roads in Barbuda have been destroyed by Irma, some sections have already been restored, but the repair work is still in full swing.

Traffic is left-handed, there are few gas stations, roads – even those that are not touched by a hurricane – are uneven, winding, dotted with potholes. The quality of the main highways is acceptable, but there are not always road signs. Traffic jams are rare, traffic jams happen only at the main attractions. It is better to leave the car in paid parking lots, the cost is about 10 XCD per hour.

Antigua and Barbuda Hotels

Hotels in Antigua and Barbuda are similar to their “colleagues” in other Caribbean countries (with the exception of Cuba and the Dominican Republic). There are no large hotels in Antigua, most are designed for about 200 rooms and work on an all-inclusive basis.

The hotel fund needs to be updated, but still things are better here than in Barbuda, where there were simply no hotels left after the hurricane. Now they are being rebuilt, and the guests are insured against bad weather: if the vacation has to be interrupted due to cataclysms, the cost of living on “unused” days is guaranteed to be returned.

The mains voltage is 110 or 220 V (you need to check directly with the hotel), American-style adapters are required.

There are no hostels in the country, the cheapest way to stay is in guest houses: a double room in St. John’s costs from 100 XCD per day. Double studio room in a 3 * hotel – from 160 XCD per night, apartments – from 190 XCD. Lovers of luxury are waiting for suites by the sea with pools, restaurants and other pleasures, the cost of pleasure is 1350-4000 XCD per day.

Antigua and Barbuda Hotels

]]>
Regions and Resorts of the United States https://www.softwareleverage.org/regions-and-resorts-of-the-united-states.html Fri, 30 Dec 2022 03:22:36 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1401 The USA is a patchwork of 50 states and the standalone District of Columbia, where the capital Washington is based. It has little in common with other American cities: it is pompous, monumental, neat to the point of pedantry, all the legendary symbols of democracy are located here – from the White House to the Capitol. In addition, there are many well-groomed parks and squares, famous museums and monuments. It is better to stay on Capitol Hill or in Georgetown – a cozy area reminiscent of England.

Note: according to allcitypopulation, the population of United States is 331.9 million (2021).

In Washington, it is forbidden to build buildings higher than the Capitol, so there are no skyscrapers to be found here.

California is a paradise for everyone who cannot imagine life without pleasure. The sun-drenched state, washed by the waters of the Pacific Ocean, beckons with an atmosphere of carefree relaxation and endless celebration. It is here that Los Angeles is located, which has fulfilled so many dreams and broken so many hearts. San Francisco is a city of madmen: freelance artists, hippies, freaks – all those who are used to expressing themselves outside the box. San Diego has top-notch beaches and is within easy reach of Mexico. And in Yosemite National Park – more than 1000 km of scenic routes and the highest waterfall in North America.

Only Florida, washed by the Atlantic and the Gulf of Mexico, can compete with California for the title of beach Mecca. Party people of all stripes go to Miami, eternal children dream of plunging into the worlds of Walt Disney, Harry Potter and Universal Studios to Orlando.

Texas is what it’s made out to be: with cowboy ranches, farmland, roadside barbecues and burgers. Austin has a university that has grown into a whole district with galleries, libraries and art objects, Houston is famous for the Theater and Museum Quarters.

The cities of Nevada are strange oases in the middle of a vast desert. The most famous is Las Vegas, another symbol of the unsteady American dream. A string of casinos trying to outdo each other in ostentatious luxury, pretentious restaurants, hotels and shops, and in the neighborhood – almost impoverished quarters, screened from tourists by the facades of skyscrapers.

The opposite of Vegas is Death Valley, which is alien to kitsch and fuss, with cracked earth and sand dunes that look truly alien.

The United States is unimaginable without New York – ultra-modern, ultra-fast, symbolizing success. Without business Chicago and hospitable Hawaii, the majestic Grand Canyon and seething Niagara. You can spend half your life getting to know American cities without completely unraveling all the secrets of a huge country.

The territory of the United States is located in 6 time zones (from UTC−10 to UTC−5). The time zone is UTC-10 – Hawaiian-Aleutian Standard Time. Hawaii and the Aleutian Islands are located here. UTC-9 is Alaska (Alaska Standard Time). The states of Washington and California are located in the North American Pacific Time Zone (UTC-8). Mountain time (UTC-7) is used by Colorado, Arizona, and Montana. Central American Time (UTC-6) is represented by the states of Louisiana and Oklahoma. And in the UTC-5 zone (North American Eastern Time) are located New York, New Jersey and, of course, the capital of the United States.

In addition, a number of single islands and territories outside the states form another 5 time zones. In particular, these are the UTC-12 (Baker and Howland Islands), UTC-11 (American Samoa), UTC-4 (Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands) and UTC+12 (Wake Island) belts.

Most of the country has Daylight Savings Time.

The time difference with Moscow can be from 8 to 14 hours. The Atlantic coast (New York, Washington, Miami) is 8 hours behind in summer and 9 hours in winter; the states of Alabama, Texas, Tennessee and others (including New Orleans) by 9 and 10, respectively; the states of New Mexico, Arizona, Colorado, Montana by 10 and 11; the states of California, Nevada, Washington (Los Angeles, Las Vegas, San Francisco, Seattle) by 11 in summer and 12 in winter; Alaska at 12 and 13 hours, Hawaiian Islands – at 13 hours in summer and 14 hours in winter.

Climate

It is impossible to draw a general portrait of the US climate: each region has its own characteristics. In the northeast – in New York, Chicago, Washington – hot summers and snowy winters, precipitation occurs at any time of the year. The southeast (Orlando, San Antonio) is characterized by higher temperatures. The northwest and west with Las Vegas, San Francisco and Los Angeles are dominated by a semi-arid and highland climate. On the coast, winters are milder, summers are warmer, and rains are more frequent.

Florida and Hawaii are real tropics with year-round heat. Alaska goes to the other extreme: local temperatures can hit the mark of -30 ° C. In order not to make a mistake with the choice of season (and suitable wardrobe) for travel, it is better to check the weather forecast in a particular region.

USA in winter

Skiing and beaches – that’s why people usually go to the States in winter. Having rolled enough on the slopes of the Rocky Mountains in pompous Aspen, you can give up on the cleanest beaches of Hawaii, which have been proudly bearing the title of “da best in da world” for more than a decade – and all this within one country (and, accordingly, one visa). And although it is still not easy to get it, and tours cost an exorbitant amount, there are no fewer aspirants in the United States. According to them, there are several reasons for this at once: the snow in America is special, and the Hawaiian sand is special, and in general, the air itself is special. We will not dispute this, but we will add from ourselves that a trip to the States is also an opportunity to fly on a board along the crest of a wave in the homeland of surfing, master dozens of ways to cook barbecue and break your vocal cords in one of the huge theme parks on the coolest rollercoasters.

There is one main reason why a fair number of compatriots send their ski-booted feet to the USA every winter. And this reason is not at all a huge selection of well-prepared tracks and not even the special sensations from the “American” snow that many people note. Everything is much simpler: every skier in the depths of his soul dreams of meeting Bruce Willis on the slope – and not just meeting him, but killing him on the track. But seriously, US ski resorts are chosen mainly by those tourists who have already visited many routes in Europe and are now looking for new sensations. In addition, many combine skiing with a rich “excursion”.

Resorts of the United States

]]>
How to Get to Buenos Aires, Argentina https://www.softwareleverage.org/how-to-get-to-buenos-aires-argentina.html Fri, 23 Dec 2022 12:31:05 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1399 There are no direct flights to the Argentine capital from Russia. The fastest way is through Madrid. Aeroflot and Air Europe flights from Sheremetyevo can take from 20 to 37 hours, and tickets for them cost from 900 USD round trip. It is more expensive to fly from the northern capital: for example, a Lufthansa flight via Frankfurt am Main will cost from 1500 USD and will last at least 23 hours.

Note: according to allcitypopulation, the population of Argentina is 45.81 million (2021).

From airport to city

Flights from Europe arrive at the airport. Minister Pistarini in Buenos Aires. You can get to the city by bus or taxi.

The cheapest option is bus number 8, whose route connects the airport and Plaza de Mayo in the center. The fare is about 35-37 ARS, to pay you need to buy a Sube card at a kiosk at the airport (then it will come in handy for traveling by public transport around the city). You can also pay the driver directly, but they only accept pesos and only coins.

But this route has its drawbacks: it goes all over the city, including disadvantaged neighborhoods, and the journey will take about 3 hours. Be careful with luggage and valuables.

The Manuel Tienda Leon company (off. site in English) transports passengers between the airport and the city center (Terminal Madero bus station) on more comfortable shuttle buses. Tickets for them are sold in the arrivals area and online, the price is 370 ARS. Travel time is about an hour, there is free Wi-Fi on board, however, very slow.

Taxis should be ordered only through the official carrier at the exit of the terminals, as private traders cheat. The trip will take 45 minutes and cost 1500-2000 ARS. You can pay for a taxi in cash (pesos or dollars) or with a bank card, and present the paid receipt to the taxi driver. Tipping is appropriate only if you have a lot of luggage, but in general this is not accepted in Argentina.

Transportation

Underground

The metro in Buenos Aires is not so much a convenient means of transportation as a fun attraction – the oldest carriages in the world run there, produced in 1930. There are only 6 lines, marked with letters from A to H and in different colors. The platforms are narrow, the stations are shallow, hot and not very clean.

The most convenient way to pay for travel on the subway, bus or train is with a Sube card. This is an analogue of the Moscow Troika, it can be bought at newsstands and ticket offices at metro stations. The cost of the card is 65 ARS, one trip is 15.50 ARS. Cards are sold with a zero balance, they are replenished at metro ticket offices, special terminals and tobacco kiosks. If there is not enough money on the card, you can go negative up to 30 ARS. Stations are open from 5:00 to 21:00-23:00, some are closed on weekends.

Buses

Buses are the cheapest and most convenient way to get around Buenos Aires and the suburbs. They run around the clock every 5-15 minutes, covering all areas of the city. Stops are never crowded, passengers strictly observe the queue. You can pay for the fare with the same Sube card. The fare depends on the distance and varies from 15 to 17.50 ARS. When boarding the bus, you need to tell the driver the destination, and he will calculate the fare. You can see the routes and timetable at the office. City Hall of Buenos Aires website (in Spanish).

Public transport in Buenos Aires is inexpensive, but fares are constantly rising slightly. For example, if in January the minimum fare is 15 ARS, then in March 2019 it is already 18 ARS.

Metrobus

A metrobus is a bus that runs on a specially designated lane, fenced off (to avoid traffic jams). But only along the largest streets – Avenida 9 de Julio, Santa Fe, etc., you can pay there with the same Sube.

Taxis

In Buenos Aires, there is a high risk of running into “paseo” – the old taxi driver’s fun, when a tourist who does not speak Spanish is taken along long roads while the meter is ticking, so it is better to call a car by phone through the Remis service. On the street, catch only black and yellow cars with a glowing libre sign.

Payment by the meter, the cost of the trip depends on the time of day and averages 350-400 ARS within the city center.

Bicycles for rent

There is a free bike rental in Buenos Aires organized by Buenos Aires Eco Bici (off. site in Spanish). To rent a bike, you need to install the BA EcoBici app. True, transport is provided only for an hour, after which it must be returned to any of the company’s parking lots for at least 5 minutes, then you can go again for free. There are about 150 km of bike paths in the city.

Car rental in Buenos Aires

On weekdays in the morning and in the evening there are traffic jams in the city, however, they cannot be compared with Moscow ones. Traffic is one-way almost everywhere, the city is divided into “quads”, the direction of movement on the roads is indicated by arrows, so it’s easy to navigate. There are special traffic lights for cyclists, the permission signal for them is green, for pedestrians – white.

You can rent a car right at the airport, the international counters Alamo, Avis, Hertz and Localiza are located in the arrivals area. Rental here will cost about 1200 ARS per day for an economy class car (Ford Ka or Opel Astra) subject to a weekly rental, Renault Logan will cost from 2000 ARS per day for the same period. Another option is to choose a car in advance via the Internet. In international companies Sixt, EasyCar, etc., the cost starts from 1000 ARS per day. The price includes basic insurance (a local analogue of the Russian OSAGO), many companies limit mileage to 200 km per day, and then an additional charge for each kilometer.

Local drivers are not always in trouble with traffic rules, especially motorcyclists who rush about without helmets, ignoring markings, rules and common sense. Before unregulated intersections, you need to honk, and the right of priority movement belongs to the one who pressed the horn first.

There are problems with parking in the city, especially in the center, parking is prohibited near the yellow curbs. Parkings are located in garages between houses, there are underground ones, marked with the letter “E” – estacionamento. The cost is 80-120 ARS for two hours depending on the area, on Sundays you can park for free.

A car left in the wrong place will be immediately taken away by a tow truck, and a note will be left on the sidewalk, at what address to look for it. The fine is 1500 ARS, but the “rescue” process is quite fast. If you find your car in the process of evacuation, it is likely that it will be given away without a fine. The cost of gasoline is about 12 ARS per liter, the wheel will be pumped up for 5 ARS, the interior will be vacuumed for 15 ARS.

Scratches and small dents are not considered damage by local drivers and usually in these cases they do not even get out of the car.

Buenos Aires, Argentina

]]>
US 287 in Wyoming https://www.softwareleverage.org/us-287-in-wyoming.html Fri, 16 Dec 2022 13:47:21 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1397  

US 287
Get started Tie Siding
End West Yellowstone
Length 489 mi
Length 787 km
Route
  • Colorado
  • Laramie
  • Rawlins
  • Muddy Gap
  • Lander
  • Moran
  • West Yellowstone
  • Montana

According to Beautyphoon, US 287 is a US Highway in the US state of Wyoming. The road is officially a north-south route, but in practice mainly an east-west route in the south and west of the state. The route runs from the Colorado border through Laramie, Rawlins, and Yellowstone National Park to the Montana border. The route is 787 kilometers long.

Travel directions

US 26/287 in central Wyoming.

US 26/287 in western Wyoming.

US 287 in Colorado comes from Fort Collins and then crosses the border into Wyoming at about 2,300 meters and then heads northwest to the town of Laramie. Laramie is a college town in southeastern Wyoming. Interstate 80 is crossed here. The US also adds 30and US 287 and US 30 form a double numbering system. The road here forms an alternate route that is slightly longer north of I-80. The road serves a few villages and partly even has 2×2 lanes, from the time when there was no I-80. This route is no longer important for through traffic due to the shorter Interstate 80. The road leads through a desolate prairie area with virtually no vegetation. At Walcott, both roads rejoin I-80, and in Rawlins, a few miles away, US 287 exits again and forms an individual route to the northwest.

Just after Rawlins, the road leads through the Great Divide Basin, an area where all water streams converge and dry up, as no rivers flow into the Pacific or Atlantic from here. The distances are very large here, the next place that is slightly larger than a hamlet is Lander, 200 kilometers away. The landscape consists of a plateau with some low mountain ridges and a landscape of desolate prairies which is only a little green in the rainy season. Trees don’t grow here. One passes through the Muddy Gap, a low mountain pass, after which the only significant intersection follows for a distance of 200 kilometers, State Route 220 to Casper, 120 kilometers to the east.

US 287 then curves slightly to the west and runs parallel to the Sweetwater River. The only place for the next 130 kilometers is Jeffrey City with 100 inhabitants. This area is the central plateau of Wyoming and one of the driest areas in the United States outside the deserts of the Southwest of the country. One then reaches Lander, a small town with almost 7,000 inhabitants. Two State Routes cross here, State Route 28 to Rock Springs and State Route 789 to Riverton. To the southwest is the impressive Wind River Range, a mountain range that includes Wyoming’s highest point, Gannett Peak at 4,207 feet. A little further on follows the intersection with US 26. Both roads then start at a double numbering of 160 kilometers into the Rocky Mountains. This area is also sparsely populated with only a few villages. The landscape is getting more and more impressive and the Continental Divide takes you over the 2,944 meter high Togwotee Pass. Then you descend a bit to the high valleys in western Wyoming. Much lower than 2000 meters one does not come into Wyoming anymore.

A little further on, at Jackson Lake, US 26 exits from the double-numbering and heads toward Idaho Falls to the west, while US 287 merges with US 89 and US 191, creating a triple-numbering.

The Grand Teton National Park here changes into the Yellowstone National Park, an area with less high mountains, but the road goes here at an altitude of 2,400 meters. The surrounding mountains are not significantly higher, so that this is a plateau. One then crosses the Continental Divide, the watershed between the Pacific and Atlantic oceans. At the hamlet of West Thumb is a major intersection where US 14 and US 16 begin and quadruple numbering begins as US 20 joins it. The scenery here is made up of low trees, and it takes you past Wyoming’s most famous tourist attractions, the geysers, including Old Faithful. In the hamlet of Madison Junction, the three road numbers ( US 20 / US 191/US 287) west and US 89 continues an individual route north. The border with Montana is barely 15 kilometers further on. US 287 in Montana then continues towards Helena.

History

US 287 was added to the network of US Highways in 1935 and ran from Fort Collins, Colorado to the southern entrance of Yellowstone National Park. In 1965, US 287 was extended to Choteau, Montana and de facto passed through Yellowstone National Park, although no US Highways formally pass through the national park.

The historic route of US 287 follows the Rocky Mountain Highway. When US 287 was introduced in 1935, it replaced US 87 between Rawlins and Muddy Gap and then US 87W between Muddy Gap and Yellowstone National Park. US 287 made a detour west of Lander via Riverton on what are now State Route 789 and US 26. The more direct route from Lander was then numbered State Route 287. In 1940 this detour via Riverton was scrapped and US 287 followed the direct route to the northwest.

Traffic intensities

Every day, 4,500 vehicles drive between the Colorado and Laramie border, and 400 to 800 vehicles on the double-numbered US 30 northwest of Laramie. Thereafter, 3,000 vehicles travel between Rawlins and Muddy Gap and 1,000 vehicles continue to Lander in central Wyoming. From Lander, intensities gradually drop from 4,000 to 1,000 vehicles per day over the Togwotee Pass. After that, 2,000 vehicles drive to Yellowstone National Park.

US 287 in Wyoming

]]>
Mandrem, India https://www.softwareleverage.org/mandrem-india.html Fri, 09 Dec 2022 06:21:31 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1394 Mandrem is a small picturesque village in the northern part of Goa, located between the two beaches of Ashvem and Arambol, considered one of the best on the north coast. It has everything for a relaxing and joy-filled holiday, ranging from a beach that is not “overcrowded” by tourists and resort merchants, and ending with the opportunity to choose accommodation for every taste and budget. In Mandrem, you can meet families with small children, and it is quite clear why. A wide coastline, a gentle slope to the water, the absence of rocks, pitfalls, debris on the sand and in the sea distinguish this place from other resort areas. See JIBIN123 for India customs regulations and visa requirements.

Near Mandrem is Dunes Beach, known as a great place to relax. It is also good to live here: bamboo bungalows are in demand among both foreigners and compatriots. Since there is no clear boundary between Mandrem and Dune, this beach is often considered part of Mandrem.

How to get to Mandrem

From Moscow, Aeroflot flights arrive at Dabolim Airport, located in the village of the same name in Goa. From there, you can get to the place in two ways: by taxi, or by public transport.

By taxi

The most convenient way to get from the airport to Mandrem is by taxi. The cost of the trip is one of the most expensive in the price list – about 1500 INR. Ordering a taxi is quite simple. At the exit from the airport there are special counters responsible for calling the state taxi with fixed prices. There you can also find a stand where all prices are indicated in advance. Having paid for the trip and received the appropriate receipt from one of the employees at the counter, the passenger goes with her to the car and gets to the right place.

If you are planning a taxi ride from another resort area, then a trip from nearby Arambol will cost 250-300 INR.

By bus

There are several ways to get to the resort by public transport. One thing unites them – numerous transfers and cheapness in comparison with a taxi ride. The cost of one trip varies from 7 to 25 INR. Buses run half empty during the day. Rush hours – early morning and evening.

The first way, when driving from the airport, is to cross the road and catch a bus to the intersection named after the famous discoverer, Vasco da Gama. Travel time to destination is about 10 minutes. Further, getting off at the bus stop (landmark – bus station) next to the market, find transport to Panaji. You will have to get to it by shuttle or express, which differs from the usual bus in the absence of stops. Travel time is about half an hour. From the latter, you can drive directly to Arambol, but transport is extremely rare, or go to Mapusa, from which you can already easily get to the beach. There is a bus from Mapusa to Arambol (12-15 INR), which stops 1.5 km from the beach, on the main road. Once in one of the extreme points of the coast, you can either walk to Mandrem or take a taxi. If you choose the first option, then you should calculate your strength in advance: the path will not be easy.

Indian buses do not have numbers. The maximum that can be found is the names of settlements-stops. However, unfortunately, they are rarely duplicated by English-language counterparts. So it is advisable to clarify the route and stops with the driver.

Hotels and guesthouses

There are different accommodation options in Mandrem, the cost of which depends on many factors: proximity to the sea, degree of comfort, season, etc.

The sand on the beach cannot be called snow-white, it is slightly darkish. But it is convenient to swim here for both adults and children.

If you plan to travel for the New Year holidays, then from mid-December to the first half of January, housing prices will increase at least twice, so it is advisable to rent a house in advance, possibly through Russian-speaking intermediaries. The longer the vacation is planned, the cheaper the rental will be. An option designed for a more modest budget is a room in a guesthouse or a bungalow. Both are available in Mandrem.

Mandrema beach

The sand on the beach cannot be called snow-white, it is slightly darkish. But it is convenient to swim here for both adults and children. The main feature that adds to the beauty of this place is that the sea is separated from the land by two narrow rivers, meandering along the coastline in such a way that somewhere it’s close to the water, and in some places in order to get to the beach, you need to go through special bamboo bridges. An illusion of many sandy islands is created, some of which are washed by river water, and some by sea.

Cuisine and restaurants

In Mandrem, there are a lot of shek or otherwise coastal restaurants to understand what Indian cuisine is and whether you like it. The most famous has the provocative name “End of the World” and is famous for its fish dishes.

Entertainment and attractions of Mandrem

Actually, there are no cultural attractions in Mandrem, but you can always get out of it and go, for example, to the Friday market in Mapusu. If there is not enough noise and fun, then you can visit one of the nearby beaches with a more intense party life. For example, neighboring Arambol.

Mandrem, India

]]>
North Dakota: Peace Garden State https://www.softwareleverage.org/north-dakota-peace-garden-state.html Thu, 01 Dec 2022 14:54:56 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1388 According to growtheology, North Dakota is one of the states of the United States. The capital is Bismarck. The nickname of the state is ‘Peace Garden State’. History, culture and beautiful nature go hand in hand here. In North Dakota the cowboy way of life can still be found everywhere; in the capital Bismarck and places like Fargo and Medora, as well as in the many rodeos held throughout the year.

History
Thearea that is now called North Dakota was originally settled by Native American peoples such as the Lakotas and the Dakotas, two divisions of the Sioux. Lakota means “friend”.
At the end of the seventeenth century, in 1682, the region was claimed by the French. In the eighteenth century the area was explored by Europeans, who set up a limited trade with the Native Indians. Part of the state was acquired by the United States in a transaction that has come to be known as the Louisiana Purchase. The rest followed in 1818, when a treaty was concluded with the British. North and South Dakota formally became the 39th and 40th states of the United States on November 2, 1889. Thanks to the arrival of railways, the state could be further colonized.

Geography
The state of North Dakota belongs to the Great Plains and covers 183,272 km2, of which 178,839 km2 is land. North Dakota borders Canada to the north, Montana to the west, Minnesota to the east, and South Dakota to the south.

The main river is the Missouri. There are two large reservoirs on the Missouri: Lake Sakakawea and Lake Oahe. The highest point in flat North Dakota is the top of White Butte (1069m). The natural vegetation in North Dakota consists of prairie, a type of grassland.

Theodore Roosevelt
National Park Located in the west of the state, Theodore Roosevelt National Park is the only national park named after a person. Theodore Roosevelt had a ranch here where he regularly stayed. The log cabin where the former president lived, the Elkhorn Ranch Unit, is about 35 miles north of the historic town of Medora.
The park consists of three separate areas, with badlands and prairies as distinctive features. The Little Missouri River flows through all three areas.

PowWow and Bismarck
Native Americans have played an important role in North Dakota’s history. Today, 7 tribes still live on 4 reservations in North Dakota, including the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe. Several PowWows take place throughout the season. One of the major annual PowWows, the United Tribes International PowWow takes place every September in Bismarck.

Enchanted Highway
The Enchanted Highway is a collection of the world’s largest scrap metal sculptures constructed intermittently along a 32-mile stretch of a two-lane highway in southwestern North Dakota.

Fargo
Fargo is a town in North Dakota and has become world famous for the movie/series of the same name. Fargo is North Dakota’s largest city. Fargo is home to North Dakota State University, which plays an important role in the cultural offerings of museums and theaters. Fargo is well worth a visit, there are nice bars and restaurants. You should definitely go into town in the evening, there is a lively nightlife. From comedy clubs and pub quizzes to karaoke bars, you’ll always have a good night. !

HOTEL DONALDSON

Located in the heart of North Dakota’s historic Fargo district, this hotel features rooms with free Wi-Fi and a flat-screen TV. A rooftop hot tub with views of the Fargo skyline is located on the roof of this hotel.

Each room at Hotel Donaldson features unique local artwork, a Bose stereo system and an iPod docking station. Each room includes a fridge and heated ceramic floors.

Guests at the Donaldson Hotel have access to an on-site fitness center and launderette. Fax and photocopying facilities are also available.

Hodo Lounge & Restaurant serves Midwestern cuisine in a comfortable gallery setting. Sky Prairie on The Roof offers cocktails and dining options with city views.

Red River Zoo is 5 miles from this hotel. You can drive to Fargodome and Hector International Airport in 10 minutes.

ROUGH RIDERS HOTEL

Finding an ideal family-friendly hotel in Medora does not have to be difficult. Welcome to Rough Riders Hotel, a nice option for travelers like you.

Guest rooms offer a flat screen TV and a refrigerator, and Rough Riders Hotel makes getting online easy as free wifi is available.

In addition, guests can enjoy a fitness center and a restaurant during their visit. Free parking is available to guests for added convenience.

If you like pubs, Rough Riders Hotel is conveniently located near Little Missouri Dining Room & Saloon, Boots Bar & Grill, and TR’s Tavern.

Plus, Rough Riders Hotel makes it easy to experience many great attractions in Medora like Chateau de Mores and Harold Schafer Heritage Center. These are some popular historical museums.

RADISSON HOTEL FARGO

Located across from the Fargo Civic Center, this hotel features an on-site restaurant and free Wi-Fi. Each room features a 32-inch flat-screen TV.

An iPod docking station is standard in every room at the Radisson Hotel Fargo. The rooms have tea and coffee making facilities and a hairdryer.

The Level 2 Restaurant is located on site and serves American and seafood dishes for breakfast, lunch and dinner. The Level 2 offers a view of the city skyline, where you can get drinks and snacks, or enjoy a specialty cup of coffee at Beans.

During your stay, you can make use of the hotel’s business center. An airport shuttle service is also offered.

Dining and shopping are available in downtown Fargo, a 3-minute walk from the hotel. The North Dakota State University campus and the Fargo Dome are less than 2 miles away.

Peace Garden State

]]>
Sumatra, Indonesia https://www.softwareleverage.org/sumatra-indonesia.html Fri, 25 Nov 2022 08:36:35 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1386 Sumatra is one of the largest islands in Indonesia, known for its long beaches with dark sand, the ruins of ancient temple complexes and palaces, and untouched nature. Along the western coast of Sumatra are the Barisan Mountains, the highest peak of which is Mount Kerinchi (3800 m). The eastern part of the island is mostly occupied by a marshy plain. Check liuxers for customs and traditions of Indonesia.

How to get there

Regular flights from Moscow fly to Denpasar (Bali), from there it is easy to get to Medan on domestic flights – the largest city in Sumatra and a convenient transit point on the way to Lake Toba.

History

The first European to set foot on the land of Sumatra was Marco Polo in 1292. The colonizers appeared on the island later, in 1509, the Portuguese, and in 1596, the Dutch. As a result of clashes with the inhabitants of the island, the commander of the Dutch expedition, Cornelius van Houtman, was killed. A little later, the Portuguese tried to regain control of Sumatra, but the Dutch managed to repulse the attack. At the beginning of the 17th century, the Sultanate of Aceh in Sumatra controlled the pepper trade (as you know, at that time spices were valued no less than gold today), and it was with him that the Dutch East India Company mainly had to fight. At the end of the 18th century the Dutch on the island fought the British, who settled in the Bengkulu fort, and at the end of the 19th century, they unsuccessfully tried to suppress the uprising of the inhabitants of the Aceh Sultanate for a long time.

In 1883, the eruption of the Krakatau volcano near Sumatra, which ended in an explosion, plunged the entire island into the ocean depths.

During the Second World War, the island was occupied by Japan, and after that it became entirely part of Indonesia. Since then, demands for if not independence, then at least a certain amount of autonomy have been regularly heard, which were satisfied in 2001. Wide autonomy gives the island the right to even establish Islamic laws. The infamous tsunami of 2004 caused severe damage to the northern and western coasts of Sumatra.

Entertainment and attractions in Sumatra

There are enough entertainment and attractions on the island, these are natural wonders, and the ruins of temple complexes, and all kinds of outdoor activities. Look for landmarks for a quality holiday in Sumatra below.

Sights of Medan

The Paradise Mosque with black domes (1906) is one of the symbols of Sumatra; Maimun Palace (1888) – the residence of the brother of the current Sultan, only two rooms are open to the public; Military Museum – founded in 1971, a collection of weapons from ancient cannons to guns and machine guns of the 20th century.

Lake Toba

The world’s largest lake in the crater of a volcano, which appeared about 75 thousand years ago, attracts tourists from all over the world. The water surface of Lake Toba is frozen in an environment of steep mountains, deep gorges and sandy beaches.

Samosir Island

The best resort in Sumatra for lovers of a relaxing holiday. The most popular place is the village of Tuk-Tuk. There are thermal springs on Mount Belirang. In the village of Simanido, you can visit the Huta Bolon Museum and watch the performance of the traditional local dance Toba Batak. In the village of Ambarita, tourists are shown a group of stone thrones, on which to this day elders and judges sit during important events. In the village of Tomok, it is good to buy souvenirs. On the way to the shops, you can look into the museum of Raja Sidabatu with a tomb nearby.

Gunung Luser National Park

On the border of the province of Aceh and North Sumatra, there is the largest national park in Southeast Asia, Gunung Luser, which is inhabited by hundreds of species of exotic birds, gibbons, macaques, orangutans. Endangered Sumatran tigers, leopards, elephants, Sumatran rhinos are also found here, however, you can meet them not so often. There are hiking trails, you can go to conquer the mountains Lucer and Loser (climbing will take at least 10 days) or rafting on the Whampoa River.

Querinsi Seblat National Park

The park was founded in 1982 around the Kerisi volcano. The dense jungle is inhabited by rare animals, and amazing plants are also found here: the largest rafflesia flower on Earth and the highest – amorphophallus. The search for these foul-smelling flowers in the tropics and seeing off curious tourists to them has long been a way of earning money for the local population. Hiking trails in the park include an ascent to the mouth of the volcano (at least two days) and a walk to the high-altitude lake Gunung Tudzhukh. All necessary tourist equipment can be rented in the town of Kersik-Tua.

On the border of the province of Aceh and North Sumatra is the largest national park in Southeast Asia, Gunung Luser.

Bugittings

In this city with a cool climate that allows you to take a break from the sweltering tropical heat, tours around the area with a visit to bullfighting, excursions to the Singkarak and Maninjau lakes, trekking in the mountains and volcanoes are offered. Rafflesia reserve is located 15 km north of the city near the village of Palupu, information about the buds that are about to bloom can be obtained from the tourist office.

Palembang

Sumatra’s second largest city on the Musi River, which hosts a regatta featuring traditional Indonesian racing boats during the annual Srivijaya Harvest Festival (June 16-20). Attractions: Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin Museum, Balaputra Deva Museum, a small zoo with crocodiles, orangutans, elephants and bears.

Volcano Krakatoa

In 1883, the eruption of the Krakatau volcano, which ended in an explosion, plunged the entire island into the ocean abyss. More than 36 thousand people died under the lava and as a result of the tsunami that hit the shores of neighboring islands. A boat trip to the chain of islands left after the explosion includes a visit to the coral islands of Sebuku and Sebesi and Sertung Beach. The transit point for visiting Krakatoa is the city of Bandarlampung. From here you can also go to the Elephant Training Center in Wai Kambas National Park.

Bintan Island

Proximity to Singapore makes Bintan Island one of the most popular in recent times. The resort is positioned as ultra-modern, with good beaches and decent service. Attractions: the ruins of the palace of Raja Ali, his tomb, the ancient mosque of Raya-Sultan-Riau.

Sumatra, Indonesia

]]>
Entertainment and Attractions in Yerevan, Armenia https://www.softwareleverage.org/entertainment-and-attractions-in-yerevan-armenia.html Fri, 18 Nov 2022 15:33:36 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1384 It is better to start your acquaintance with the city with a tour of the Erebuni Fortress – the place where the history of Yerevan begins. This most important attraction is 2800 years old – it is considered a symbol of Armenian statehood. Returning from the southeastern outskirts to the center, you find yourself in the heart of the capital – on Republic Square. The decoration of this place is the singing fountains in front of the Museum of History (off. site). In addition to sound accompaniment in the dark, they change their color. Impressive building – complex “Cascade”— a system of stepped passages decorated with flower beds, fountains and original sculptures. From here, from a 100-meter height, an extraordinary view of the city opens. Another grandiose building is the 54-meter Mother Armenia monumentlocated in Victory Park. He is visible from everywhere.

An impressive view of Ararat opens from the Geghard Monastery, which is literally carved into the rock near Yerevan. The ancient building, founded in the 4th century, is shrouded in legends and secrets. There is a belief that you can attract good luck by hitting a pebble in one of the niches on its wall.

According to wholevehicles, the world’s largest collection of written monuments is located in the Yerevan repository of ancient manuscripts Matenadaran of. site. Here, on Mashtots Avenue, not far from the Blue Mosque, there is another iconic place, without which it is impossible to form a correct idea of ​​the city – the Central Covered Market.

Graceful Belle Epoque buildings line Abovyan Street, where you can see Art Nouveau, Art Nouveau and graceful neo-Moorish style.

A unique feature of Yerevan is the gorge within the city. This picturesque corner is named Radzyansky in honor of the river flowing through it. In addition to natural beauties, it is famous for its restaurants and cafes, which are full of life in the evenings. Above the gorge stands the Yerevan Brandy Factory, where you can get acquainted with the history of the creation of a soul-warming drink – the Armenian “Ararat”.

At the Moscow cinema, tourists take pictures with their favorite actor Frunzik Mkrtchyan, sitting next to him on a bench.

Yerevan can boast of the first Museum of Modern Art (off. site), opened in the USSR back in 1972. The house-museum of the brilliant director Sergei Parajanov in the Dzoragyugh Ethnographic Center is not inferior in originality to the Salvador Dali Theater-Museum in Figueres. At the Museum of the History of Armenia, you can see what Yerevan was like many centuries ago – there are exhibited three-dimensional panoramas recreated from old drawings and maps, as well as artifacts of the past. The Tsitsernakaberd memorial complex tells about the sad pages of Armenian history – on its territory there is the Museum of the Armenian Genocide (off. site).

5 things to do in Yerevan

  1. Step into the holy of holies of Yerevan – the citadel of the Erebuni fortress.
  2. Take a picture against the backdrop of the magnificent five buildings on Republic Square.
  3. Visit the Matenadaran Museum of Manuscripts – one of the world’s largest collections of ancient texts.
  4. Try the shish kebab “khorovats” and wash down the meal with homemade wine.
  5. Buy an excellent carpet with meaning in the legendary Tufenkian Carpets.

Yerevan for children

Little tourists will love the Yerevan Zoo. It contains about 3,000 animals, and the territory is divided into two parts – a recreation area and enclosures for the inhabitants. A lot of water activities await the children in the open-air water park Water World. The Children’s Railway of the Natural Park, in the gorge of the Hrazdan River, is very popular with children. A locomotive with two trailers passes through a tunnel, travels 2 km, making a stop at two stations.

Neither kids nor adults will be left indifferent to the attractions of the Victory Park and Lunapark. “Captain Kid’s Treasure Island” awaits beginner pirates at the Yerevan Mall (off. site), and lovers of outdoor activities will find entertainment to their taste in the Playcity game center (off. site).

Weather

Winter in Yerevan is moderately cold and with little snow, and the arrival of spring coincides with the calendar date – since March, nature begins to change. At this time, the weather is unstable, but it is quickly replaced by summer heat. In July-August, from lunch to evening, it is impossible to be on the streets – there is 40-degree heat. May is considered the rainiest month. Summer lasts more than 4 months – this is the season of dry and hot weather. Autumn is usually warm and sunny. The best time to visit the capital of Armenia is from April to November.

Yerevan, Armenia

]]>
Sights of Genoa, Italy https://www.softwareleverage.org/sights-of-genoa-italy.html Fri, 11 Nov 2022 06:40:07 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1382 Located between the Ligurian Sea and the Apennines, the northern Italian port city of Genoa has a long history. This is partly due to its strategic location with regard to trade on the Mediterranean Sea. Over the centuries there has been a lot of violence through wars, uprisings and looting, but the city has survived. From the sixteenth century onwards, the city of Genoa has welcomed many artists, who settled temporarily and sometimes even permanently. Think of Van Dyck, Rubens and Pierre Puget. The impressive architecture, location and life there has often been a source of inspiration for beautiful works of art. According to A2z Camera Blog, the historic center with many medieval influences, impressive architecture and fascinating museums can count on thousands of visitors every year. The fact that the wanderlust Christopher Columbus was born here also creates a lot of curiosity. Beautiful squares, nostalgic neighborhoods, glorious architecture, a lighthouse and the colorful boats in the harbor immediately give you that wonderful holiday feeling.

Genoa ‘s Top 10 Things to Do

#1. Palazzi dei Rolli
After many years of restoration, the Palazzi dei Rolli is back up and running and ready to be admired. This group of palaces has now been registered as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and that is the crowning glory of the city’s work. The many palaces, stately mansions and other residences on Strade Nuova were inhabited by influential people from around the world. By following a tourist route along Via Garibaldi, Via Cairoli and Via Balbi you will pass the most impressive buildings of Palazzi dei Rolli.

#2. Duomo dei Genoa
The Roman Catholic Cathedral of Genoa is also called ‘Cattedrale di San Lorenzo’. This cathedral has been the center of the city since the twelfth century. Over the centuries, the building has been modified and expanded regularly. Inside, you can admire works of art in the form of frescoes, sculptures, paintings and other religious art. In the cathedral’s museum you can admire jewellery, artifacts from the twelfth century and the Sacro Catino, which is considered a relic of Christ’s ‘Last Supper’.

#3. Basilica della Santissima Annunziata del Vastato
Although the church was founded by the Franciscans as early as the sixteenth century, its neoclassical appearance today comes from the nineteenth century. Several artists subsequently contributed to the decoration of the Roman Catholic cathedral. Various passages from the Bible have been incorporated into the interior as works of art. Baroque ceiling frescoes, with the painted dome by Giovanni Andrea Ansaldo as an excellent example, are very impressive.

#4. Teatro Carlo Felice
The opera house of Genoa is located on the beautiful Piazza De Ferrari. The building was built around 1826 to a design by Carlo Barabino. This Italian architect is also responsible for the design of the Palazzo Dell’Accademia in Genoa. During the Second World War, the front of the opera house in particular was largely destroyed. Italian architect Carlo Scarpa was approached for the reconstruction. Unfortunately, he died before construction started, so the design of Aldo Rossi was taken to heart. The modern interior and renewed facade are thanks to him.

#5. Pegli
The best view of this district can be found on the promenade. From here you look out over the city, the sea and the harbor. The Pegli district, which is located in the west, is known for its stately mansions, luxury hotels, green parks and cozy restaurants. The various bathhouses still refer to the period in which this district was mainly known as a health resort. For others, the birth house of Pope Benedict XV is an excellent opportunity to visit the Pegli district.

#6. Piazza De Ferrari
For most people, this square is considered the most beautiful square in Genoa. Around the fountain you will find the Palazzo Ducale, the Palazzo Italia di Navigazione, Palazzo Dell’Academie, Teatro Carlo Felice and the Palazzo De Ferrari after whom the square is named. The majority of the buildings, which formed the financial heart of the city, have been gradually renovated. The equestrian statue in front of the opera house is an effigy of Giuseppe Garibaldi.

#7. La Lanterna
The lighthouse of Genoa is a characteristic building that fits perfectly with the city. It was built in 1543 replacing an older lighthouse. Because the La Lanterna was built on a rock, it is no less than 117 meters above sea level. By climbing some 172 steps you can enjoy a majestic view of the harbor and the old town at the top. In the adjacent lighthouse museum you can learn all about the lamps, the history, the traditions and many other stories that have influenced the city and the lighthouse.

#8. Castello d’Albertis
The former home of the Italian adventurous philanthropist and writer, Captain Enrico Alberto d’Albertis, is now an ethnographic museum. High above the city, the typical tower can be admired from several corners of the city. Various parts collected by Captain d’Albertis during his many travels are exhibited here. All kinds of objects, clothing, toys and weapons emphasize different cultures and the captain’s fascination with them.

#9. Via Garibaldi
Perhaps Via Garibaldi is the most beautiful street in Genoa. As part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site, it certainly has many historical sights to offer. The more than two hundred and fifty meters long street is filled with the most beautiful palaces, mansions and other stately residences of former influential residents of the city. Together they form the Palazzi dei Rolli of Genoa.

#10. Cimitero Monumentale di Staglieno Many
fortunate people are buried in the historic cemetery of Genoa. The ‘Cimitero Monumentale di Staglieno’ was founded in 1851 and is located in the Staglieno district. The imposing buildings show how influential or wealthy they were. One of the most famous statues in the cemetery is the ‘Angelo di Monteverde’. This marble statue from 1882 belongs to the tomb of the banking family Oneto.

Genoa, Italy

]]>
Sights of Porto, Portugal https://www.softwareleverage.org/sights-of-porto-portugal.html Fri, 04 Nov 2022 05:15:33 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1380 The city of Porto (also written as Oporto), located in the north of Portugal, is the country’s second largest city after Lisbon. About two million inhabitants live in the entire conurbation. Porto is located on the Douro River with the city of Vila Nova de Gaia to the south of this river. The world-famous port wines come from Vila Nova de Gaia and not, as is generally assumed, from the city of Porto itself. The best way to taste port is at one of the terraces on the Douro. Since becoming the European Capital of Culture in 2001, Porto has experienced increased interest from tourists from outside Portugal.

Top 10 sights of Porto

#1. Vila Nova de Gaia
This coastal town opposite the city of Porto is responsible for the worldwide supply of the famous Port wines. This delicacy has been made in the city of Porto since the 17th century. The monastery church Serra do Pilar from the 16th century offers you a magnificent view over the city of Porto and the river Duoro. In the cellar of this monastery church you can taste different types of port. The most famous port is that of Sandeman, which was founded in 1790.

#2. Ribeira (old center)
According to 3R Jewelry, the oldest district of Porto is Ribeira, which is located on the Douro River. Many port boats moor here in the harbor and then go to Vila Nova de Gaia. The facades of the houses on the quay provide a beautiful picture. The narrow streets, alleys and local markets give you the feeling that time has stood still here.

#3. Torre dos Clérigos
The famous tower of Porto is the Torre dos Clérigos. The tower belongs to Igreja dos Clérgos church. Because the important tower can be seen from all over Porto, it is a symbol of this city. From 1754 to 1763, work was done to make this 76 meter high tower as it is today. The church and tower are built in baroque style. With a climb of about 225 steps you will be rewarded with a spectacular view over the city of Porto.

#4. Jardins do Palácio de Cristal
The green heart of Porto is the beautiful park ‘Jardins do Palácio de Cristal’. There is a specially designed ‘Crystal Palace’ in the park. This domed palace is mainly made of glass and iron. Concerts and sporting events are often held here. You will also find a romantic museum, library, restaurant and a beautiful lake in the park.

#5. Maria Pia Bridge
The Maria Pia Bridge between Porto and Vila Nova de Gaia is no longer in use. The railway bridge, named after the Portuguese Queen Maria Pia, was previously mainly used to transport Port by train. It was also Gustav Eiffel’s first design. Since 1991, the bridge has been replaced by the São João bridge. The bridges can be admired even better with a boat trip. The view of Porto is magnificent from the water.

#6. Casa de Música
The special building ‘Casa de Música’ in Porto is quite an appearance. The Dutch architect Rem Koolhaas is responsible for this icon of the city of Porto. The design is futuristic, modern, sleek and is also in a super location. You don’t know what you see inside either. Every detail has been carefully thought out. Opposite the large roundabout ‘Rotunda da Boavista’ is this concert hall, which cost about 100 million euros.

#7. Cathedral Sé
The large cathedral Sé can be found on the Terreiro da Sé. It is one of the oldest monuments in the city of Porto. The cathedral has two towers topped by a dome. Over the years, many architectural styles have been added, including the interior. Next to the cathedral is a monastery which is definitely worth a visit. Because this cathedral is located on a hill, you have a beautiful view over the old historic district of Ribeira.

#8. Serralves
The museum of modern art is located in a beautiful park ‘Parque de Serralves’ near the center of Porto. Beautifully landscaped gardens and various sculptures can be seen on the estate of approximately 18 hectares. The Serralves Museum has many temporary national and international exhibitions.

#9. Casa de Chá da Boa Nova Leça da Palmeira
A restaurant in a very special location is ‘Casa de Chá da Boa Nova’. Translated it means ‘tea house of the good news’. If you like special architecture and a beautiful view, you should eat in the restaurant here. The architect Alvaro Siza Vieira designed this special structure on top of the cliffs of Leça da Palmeira. Next to Casa de Chá da Boa Nova is a lighthouse and chapel.

#10. Livrario Lello & Irmão
Library Chardron or Livrario Lello & Irmão is a very famous historical and artistic bookstore of the city of Porto. According to various sources, it can itself be called one of the most beautiful bookshops in the world. The impressive stairs can simply be admired as art. You rarely come across the warm atmosphere that the wood, the red steps and all the books give in a bookstore of this size. The whole looks very royal.

Porto, Portugal

]]>
US 24, 250 and 322 in Ohio https://www.softwareleverage.org/us-24-250-and-322-in-ohio.html Sun, 30 Oct 2022 04:58:03 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1377 US 24 in Ohio
US 24
Get started Antwerp
End Toledo
Length 85 mi
Length 137 km
Route
Indiana → Fort Wayne

Antwerp

Cecil

Defiance-West

Defiance-Northwest

Defiance-North

2×2 ground floor

Napoleon West

Napoleon North

Napoleon East

→ Bowling Green

Liberty Center

Grand Rapids

Waterville-West

Waterville-North

Falling Timbers

→ Toledo Bypass

Maumee

Toledo

Michigan state line → Monroe

According to toppharmacyschools, US 24 is a US Highway in the US state of Ohio. The road forms an east-west route through the northwest of the state, from the Indiana border at Antwerp through the city of Toledo to the Michigan border. The road is 137 kilometers long.

Travel directions

The US 24 near Antwerp.

US 24 in Indiana comes from the city of Fort Wayne and has subsequently been developed over a distance of more than 100 kilometers as a 2×2 divided highway, parts of which are full freeway and parts still have level intersections. US 24 parallels the Maumee River in a northeasterly direction, bypassing small towns like Defiance and Napoleon. In Maumee a cloverleaf follows with Interstate 475.

US 24 then forms an urban arterial through Maumee and then the urban area of ​​Toledo. US 24 does not run through downtown Toledo, but through the western and northern neighborhoods. In Toledo, US 24 crosses Interstate 75 twice. US 24 is largely a narrow four-lane road through Toledo. To the north of Toledo follows the border with Michigan, then US 24 in Michigan continues to Monroe and Detroit.

History

US 24 has been running through the state of Ohio since its creation in 1926. The road follows the historic route along the Maumee River. Defiance’s grade separated bypass was the first high-value section of US 24 and opened to traffic about 1964. The Napoleon freeway bypass opened to traffic circa 1969, presumably at the same time as the new 2×2 route between Defiance and Napoleon. However, this new route is not a freeway.

Around 1978, a short stretch of freeway opened between Waterville and I-475 at Maumee. It wasn’t until the 21st century that the remaining portions of US 24 were upgraded. Circa 2008, the highway opened between the Indiana and Defiance border. On August 29, 2012, the highway section from Napoleon to Waterville opened to traffic. This provided the entire US 24 west of Toledo with 2×2 lanes, largely as a freeway.

US 250 in Ohio

US 250
Get started sandusky
End wheeling
Length 162 mi
Length 260 km
Route
Sandusky

Norwalk

Green wich

Ashland

Wooster

Strasburg

Strasburg – New Philadelphia:

freeway

New Philadelphia

Schoenbrunn

midvale

Uhrichsville

Dennison

Cadiz

Bridgeport

West Virginia

US 250 is a US Highway in the US state of Ohio. The road forms an east-west route in a southeasterly direction through the northeast of the state. The road begins in Sandusky on Lake Erie and then continues through Wooster and New Philadelphia to the West Virginia border at Wheeling. The route is 260 kilometers long.

Travel directions

The US 250 starts in Sandusky on US 6. Sandusky is located on Lake Erie. US 250 then heads southeast for 15 miles to Norwalk. This 4-lane section intersects two highways, State Route 2, which forms the Sandusky bypass, and the Ohio Turnpike a little further south. US 250 then passes through downtown Norwalk and crosses US 20 south of this site.

From Norwalk, US 250 heads in a straight line to the southeast for 28 miles, across a countryside of scattered forest. One then reaches Ashland, where US 250 forms a bypass together with US 42. Almost immediately afterwards there is a connection to Interstate 71. The road then leads east for more than 20 kilometers to Wooster and together with US 30 forms a short freeway bypass of Wooster.

After Wooster, the US 250 runs as a single-lane road more than 40 kilometers southeast to Interstate 77 at Strasburg. US 250 first merges with I-77 to New Philadelphia and then forms a freeway for 15 kilometers to Uhrichsville, where US 36 ends at US 250. Then US 250 continues for another 70 kilometers through the wooded hills to the Ohio River valley. The main place on this part of the route is Cadiz, where it crosses US 22. US 250 then, along with Interstate 70, crosses the Ohio River, which forms the border with West Virginia. US 250 in West Virginia then heads south through Wheeling to Moundsville.

History

US 250 was added to the network in 1928. The road then began in Norwalk, but was extended a short distance north to US 6 in Sandusky in 1935.

In 1966, New Philadelphia’s freeway bypass opened onto I-77. Around 1968-1969, this was extended to Uhrichsville, including the Uhrichsville bypass. In about 1967 the freeway bypass of Wooster, over which US 30 also runs, opened. The Ashland bypass opened in the late 1980s, but not as a freeway. Around 2003, the section between Sandusky and the Ohio Turnpike was widened from 2 to 5 lanes with a center turn lane.

US 322 in Ohio

US 322
Get started Cleveland
End Simons
Length 62 mi
Length 100 km
Route
Cleveland

Mayfield Heights

Pennsylvania

US 322 is a US Highway in the US state of Ohio. The road forms an east-west route through the northeast of the state, from the Cleveland metropolitan area to the Pennsylvania border. The route runs mostly straight to the east and is 100 kilometers long.

Travel directions

US 322 begins in downtown Cleveland at Public Square, where it also intersects US 6 and US 20. US 322 heads east on Chester Avenue, a major 2×3 lane urban arterial. Then US 322 Mayfield Road follows through Cleveland’s eastern suburbs. This route crosses I-90 and I-271. After Mayfield Heights, US 322 heads almost straight east through wooded areas to the Pennsylvania border. US 322 in Pennsylvania then continues to Meadville.

History

US 322 was created in 1926. The Ohio route has remained unchanged ever since. The route is secondary in nature, there are other east-west highways in the region and, in addition, the road runs parallel to US 6 less than 10 kilometers away, making the added value of US 322 within Ohio of little importance. The four-lane section on the east side of the Cleveland metropolitan area was built in the mid-1940s.

US 322 in Ohio

 

]]>
State Route 33, 34 and 35 in California https://www.softwareleverage.org/state-route-33-34-and-35-in-california.html Fri, 28 Oct 2022 18:51:52 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1374 State Route 33 in California
SR-33
Get started Ventura
End Tracy
Length 290 mi
Length 466 km
Route
Olive Street

Stanley Avenue

Ventura Avenue

Canada Larga Road

Casitas Vista Road

Casitas Springs

Oak View

Mira Monte

Ojaic

Maricopa

Taft

McKittrick

Avenal

coalinga

Mendota

Firebaugh

Dos Palos

Los Banos

gustine

Newman

Patterson

Vernalis

According to TOPPHARMACYSCHOOLS, State Route 33 is a state route in the U.S. state of California. The road forms a fairly long north-south route, from Ventura to Tracy. The section between Ventura and Ojai is a freeway, the Ojai Freeway of 10 kilometers in length. The total route is 466 kilometers long.

Travel directions

Southern California

State Route 33 begins at an interchange with US 101 in the city of Ventura, near the Pacific Ocean. State Route 33 is called the Ojai Freeway and has 2×2 lanes. The highway runs through a narrow valley and ends after 10 kilometers, just before Ojai. Then one comes through an urbanized valley around Ojai. To the north, the road leads through the Topatopa Mountains, a remote mountainous area. There is no place on the route for 100 kilometers here. The road is mountainous and winds through the valleys and over mountain passes. The road leads over the 1,572-meter high Pine Mountain Summit. To the north of this the area becomes less mountainous, but more desert-like. One then enters the San Joaquin Valley.

San Joaquin Valley

The San Joaquin Valley is the great central valley of California’s interior. State Route 33 runs through its west side, through several small towns. The area is partly irrigated, so that the landscape consists partly of desert and partly of agricultural land. There are several small towns on the route. State Route 33 usually runs parallel to Interstate 5 for some distance, and is interrupted by it north of Coalinga. The larger towns of the San Joaquin Valley are all further east, and are not served by State Route 33. The road ends just before Tracy on I-5.

History

State Route 33 has never been a major thoroughfare. The thoroughfare through the San Joaquin Valley was originally US 99, later State Route 99, which has been upgraded to a freeway since the 1940s, connecting all of the valley’s larger towns. Between 1966 and 1971, Interstate 5 was rapidly built through the west side of the valley, leaving State Route 33 only connecting places.

Ojai Freeway

The first section of the Ojai Freeway north of Ventura was constructed in 1956 to bypass an oil extraction area. In 1963, the southern portion opened through Ventura, including the interchange with US 101. In 1970, the northernmost portion opened between Ventura and Casitas Springs.

Traffic intensities

41,000 vehicles drive daily in Ventura off US 101, dropping to 25,000 vehicles at the end of the Ojai Freeway in Casitas Springs. Through the Ojai region, the road still has 20,000 vehicles, but to the north of that there is little traffic, with mostly only 300 to 600 vehicles per day. The nearest towns here are more than 100 kilometers apart.

The section through the San Joaquin Valley has varying traffic intensities, depending on the proximity of the various villages and towns. Major sections count between 2,000 and 4,000 vehicles per day, with peaks at larger towns such as 13,000 vehicles in Coalinga and 12,000 vehicles in Firebaugh. Some 2,400 vehicles continue to I-5 near Tracy.

State Route 34 in California

SR-34
Begin Oxnard
End Finland
Length 13 mi
Length 22 km
Route
Oxnard

Camarillo

Finland

State Route 34 is a state route in the U.S. state of California. The road forms a short connection between Oxnard and Somis in Southern California and is 22 kilometers long.

Travel directions

The road begins in the larger town of Oxnard at an intersection with State Route 1. The road is single-lane and leads east through flat agricultural land to Camarillo. In Camarillo, State Route 34 has some 2×2 lanes around its junction with US 101. From Camarillo to Somis the road is single lane again. State Route 34 ends in the village of Somis on State Route 118.

History

State Route 34 has traditionally been a secondary link, drawing a lot of local suburban traffic, especially between Oxnard and Camarillo. Remarkably enough, the countryside between the two cities has not yet been urbanized. The grade-separated track intersection in Camarillo opened in 1953, which was doubled to 2×2 lanes in 1987.

Traffic intensities

Every day, 8,000 to 13,000 vehicles drive between Oxnard and Camarillo, peaking at 21,500 vehicles in Camarillo near US 101. A further 8,000 vehicles drive as far as Somis.

State Route 35 in California

SR-35
Get started Redwood Estates
End San Francisco
Length 54 mi
Length 87 km
Route
Redwood Estates

Saratoga

Woodside

Highlands

Hillsborough

Daly City

San Francisco

State Route 35 is a state route in the U.S. state of California. The road forms a scenic route over the ridge of the Santa Cruz Mountains south of San Francisco. The road is also known as Skyline Boulevard and is 87 kilometers long.

Travel directions

State Route 35 begins at Redwood Estates at a junction with State Route 17, the highway from Santa Cruz to San Jose. State Route 35 follows a winding route through the forested ridge of the Santa Cruz Mountains. There are no buildings along the road on most of the route. Only a few east-west routes are crossed. The highest point of the road is more than 900 meters above sea level.

From San Mateo, the road parallels Interstate 280 to South San Francisco. After that, State Route 35 is a 2×2 lane urban arterial between Daly City and San Francisco. The part in San Francisco is also formed by Sloat Boulevard. In the south of the city, State Route 35 ends at State Route 1.

History

Skyline Boulevard.

The road was originally numbered as State Route 5, but was renumbered as State Route 35 during the major renumbering of 1964. The road has mainly a tourist function, except close to San Francisco itself. It is one of the few roads where snow sometimes falls in winter, because of the high altitude for regional standards.

Traffic intensities

The southernmost part of State Route 35 is very quiet with 200 to 700 vehicles per day, rising to about 1,100 vehicles on the middle section. This route actually has no major traffic function, quite a contrast to the congested roads in lower areas. The section parallel to I-280 is more urban in character, with 12,000 to 20,000 vehicles per day. The northernmost section in Daly City and San Francisco processes 25,000 to 32,000 vehicles per day.

State Route 35 in California

]]>
Foreign Development Cooperation in North Korea https://www.softwareleverage.org/foreign-development-cooperation-in-north-korea.html Fri, 28 Oct 2022 03:57:11 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1368 The contractual basis between the two states
  • Agreement on cultural cooperation between the government of the Czechoslovak Republic and the government of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (Prague, 23 June 1956)
  • Agreement between the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic and the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea on Mutual Legal Assistance in Civil, Family and Criminal Matters (Pyongyang, 11/09/1988)
  • Consular Convention between the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic and the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (Pyongyang, 11/09/1988)
  • Agreement between the Government of the Czech Republic and the Government of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea on Succession to Bilateral Treaties Negotiated by Exchange of Notes (Prague, 11/09/1998)

Contracts of a commercial and economic nature

  • Agreement on the provision of economic and technical assistance by the Czechoslovak Republic to the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea in the years 1954–1960. (Prague, 21 December 1954)
  • Agreement between the Government of the Czechoslovak Republic and the Government of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea on the mutual provision of credit for salaries of a non-commercial nature and on the method of making such salaries. (Prague, 21 December 1954)
  • Credit agreement between the Czechoslovak Republic and the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. (Prague, 21 December 1954)
  • Supplementary protocol between the Czechoslovak Republic and the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea to the Credit Agreement between the Czechoslovak Republic and the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea dated 21 December 1954 (Prague, 23/06/1956)
  • Supplementary protocol between the Czechoslovak Republic and the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea to the Agreement on the provision of economic and technical assistance by the Czechoslovak Republic to the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea in the years 1954-1960 of 21 December 1954 (Prague, 23/06/1956)
  • II. Supplementary Protocol between the Government of the Czechoslovak Republic and the Government of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea to the Agreement on the Provision of Economic and Technical Assistance by the Czechoslovak Republic to the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea in 1954–1960 (Prague, 27/02/1959)
  • III. Additional Protocol to the Agreement on the Provision of Economic and Technical Assistance by the Czechoslovak Republic to the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea in the years 1954–1960 of 21 December 1954 (Prague, 5 April 1961)
  • Agreement between the government of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic and the government of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea on the provision of a liquidation loan (Prague, 20 August 1962)
  • II. Supplementary Protocol to the Credit Agreement between the Czechoslovak Republic and the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea dated 21 December 1954 as amended by the Supplementary Protocol between the Czechoslovak Republic and the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea dated 23 June 1956 (Prague, 20/08/1962)
  • Additional Protocol to the Agreement on the Provision of Economic and Technical Assistance by the Czechoslovak Republic to the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea in the years 1954–1960 of 21 December 1954 (Prague, 22 June 1973)
  • Agreement between the government of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic and the government of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea on the provision of a loan by the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic to the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (Prague, 22 June 1973)
  • Addendum to the Agreement between the Government of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic and the Government of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea on the provision of a loan by the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic to the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea dated 22 June 1973 (Prague, 7 April 1978)
  • Trade Agreement between the Government of the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic and the Government of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (Prague, 1 November 1990)
  • Protocol between the Government of the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic and the Government of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea on the exchange of goods, services and payments for the year 1991 (Prague, 19 March 1991)
  • Addendum to the Trade Agreement between the Government of the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic and the Government of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea of ​​1 November 1990 (Prague, 18/05/1992)
  • Agreement between the government of the Czech Republic and the government of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea on the support and mutual protection of investments (Pyongyang, 27/02/1998)
  • Agreement between the government of the Czech Republic and the government of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea on air services (Pyongyang, 8 April 2004)
  • Agreement between the government of the Czech Republic and the government of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea on the avoidance of double taxation and the prevention of tax evasion in the field of income and property taxes (Prague, 2 March 2005) – the agreement entered into force on 7 December 2005.

Foreign development cooperation

The Czech Republic does not currently provide (even in accordance with agreements within the EU) any development aid to the DPRK.

The largest provider of humanitarian aid is the UN and the EU, directly through the relevant humanitarian organizations.

In 2000 and 2002, the Czech Republic provided humanitarian aid in the amount of USD 20,000, which was implemented in the form of the supply of fruit tree seedlings and vines. In 2002, humanitarian aid was provided to the DPRK in the form of the supply of surgical instruments worth CZK 250,000. In 2004, in connection with the explosion of the train and the destruction of the city of Ryongchon, humanitarian aid in the amount of 100,000 USD (medicines and equipment for the school) was provided to the DPRK. In 2007, USD 25,000 in humanitarian aid was provided through the International Federation of the Red Cross and Red Crescent to purchase medicine after the August floods. In 2008, relatively massive humanitarian aid worth CZK 3 million was provided in the form of the delivery of 45,000 pieces of apple tree branches to Onchon district (approx. 100 km SW of Pyongyang). In the years 2013–2015, a small local project worth CZK 200,000/year was implemented on this farm. In 2013 and 2014, the Czech Republic provided 200,000 each. CZK to improve the quality of fruit tree production. The project for 2015, also in the amount of CZK 200,000, focused on the production, or repair of concrete support posts used to fix trees and production of concrete bricks for the irrigation system of the fruit farm in Ončchon. In 2016, however, despite the initiative of the CZ side, no project was approved (the Korean side did not provide the necessary documents).

In the years 2001–2010, the Czech Republic provided government scholarships to the DPRK as part of aid to developing countries. However, in 2010, the DPRK rejected the offered government scholarships without proper explanation, and in 2011 and 2012 (for this reason, but also due to the reduction of available funds for this purpose), no scholarship was offered to the DPRK until 2015. For the 2015/2016 academic year, the DPRK was offered a quota of 2 government scholarship places, but the DPRK nominated students for fields that are embargoed. In the end, the scholarships were not used and the poems were no longer offered to the DPRK.

Based on an agreement between the ministries of education of the two countries of the Czech Republic, every year the DPRK offers 4 places at the Summer School of Slavic Studies (LŠSS) and the DPRK offers 4 places for a one-month stay for Czech students and professors at the Kim Il-sung University in Pyongyang. Since 2014, no participants have been nominated by the North Korean side for the LŠSS.

Korea (Northern – DPRK): Map of industry opportunities – prospective Czech export items

Due to the existence of the sanctions regime and other barriers to trade, compiling a map of industry opportunities is pointless.

The most promising items for Czech exports, sectors for investment, privatization and development projects

The DPRK usually declares an interest in the supply of older refurbished means of public transport (mainly trams), energy equipment, equipment for the metallurgical industry, handling and packaging equipment, food machinery and equipment, and agricultural equipment. Due to the importance of coal mining for the North Korean economy, mining equipment and especially pumps for pumping out water would find application. ZÚ noticed an attempt to import several pieces of the SOR bus, but due to the intended method of mass assembly (in the case of larger deliveries) it cannot be recommended even here in the DPRK. In the last period, ZÚ registered an interest in the import of a small brewery (already implemented, brewery installed in Rajin) and equipment for bakeries.

With regard to the former nature of supplies from the Czech Republic, it would also be possible to consider the supply of reconditioned subway cars, the renewal of previously supplied equipment for energy, metallurgy, engineering capacities, including equipment for the production of machine tools, etc. (plant in Huichon for machine tools, cement plants in Chonnen, Hwanghae iron works, pipe and non-ferrous metal rolling mills, hydroelectric facilities). The North Korean side is also interested in the import of food (beer) and consumer goods (cosmetics), etc. Overall, the breadth of tradable products is limited by UNSC sanctions, so the scope for trade is minimal.

However, in addition to the political situation, the increase in mutual trade is also hindered by the lack of foreign currency on the North Korean side and poor payment morale. The granting of a loan by the Czech Republic is practically impossible due to the inclusion of the DPRK in group 7 (non-insurable countries) from the point of view of the EGAP classification.

Event calendar

In the capital Pyongyang, spring and autumn international fairs are held every year, where consumer goods are mostly exhibited. The trade fair is mainly attended by Chinese companies from abroad, exceptionally also others (Indonesia in 2019).

Practical telephone numbers in the territory (emergency services, traffic police, firefighters, information lines, etc.)

First aid and medical treatment is provided by Chinson Hospital (Friendship Hospital), located in the diplomatic district of Munsudong. Telephone connection – 382 7688 (due to the specific system of telephone circuits and their mutual impermeability, it is not possible to call the indicated number from any telephone. The three-digit number 382 begins with telephone numbers for local calls to the Korean network, which are available only to diplomatic missions and international organizations).

The telephone numbers of the emergency services, police and fire brigade are on a different telephone circuit which is not accessible by diplomatic missions. If necessary, it is necessary to call the Diplomatic Protocol of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the DPRK (382 3155), but this is not possible for a Czech visitor without the assistance of our ZÚ. The language barrier is also a problem. The vast majority of the population does not speak any foreign language, so knowledge of Korean is a prerequisite for communicating with doctors, police or firefighters.

 Internet information resources

The DPRK does not allow its citizens access to the Internet, which also applies to employees of the state administration and other important institutions. Public institutions do not operate websites, with the exception of e.g. the Ministry of Foreign Trade and the Chamber of Commerce of the DPRK, which have a common central e-mail address: micom@co.chesin.com. Communication with the DPRK and its authorities is usually done by telephone through an interpreter, or by fax.

Basic information for foreigners can be obtained on the website of the national air carrier Air Koryo.

Information about domestic political events in the country can be obtained from the website of the official press agency Korean Central News Agency of DPRK. A better option is the foreign server KCNAWatch, which copies and archives news from the KCNA agency in real time, as well as from other sources related to the DPRK. The South Korean Yonhap News Agency, which runs a section focused exclusively on the DPRK, is also an important source of events in the country.

Of the foreign sources that specialize in events in the DPRK, the best are nknews.org, 38north.org and dailynk.com .

Information regarding economic data related to the local economy cannot be obtained from any DPRK-administered address, there are only incomplete data and estimates on the websites of ROK institutions or international organizations:

  • Bank of Korea www.bok.or.kr
  • Ministry of Unification, Soul www.unikorea.go.kr
  • Food and Agriculture Organization www.fao.org
  • Korea Institute for National Unification www.kinu.or.kr
  • Korea Institute for International Economic Policy www.kiep.go.kr
  • World Food Programme www.wfp.org
  • Korea Economic Institute www.keia.org

Foreign Development Cooperation in North Korea

]]>
State Route 83, 84 and 85 in Arizona https://www.softwareleverage.org/state-route-83-84-and-85-in-arizona.html Thu, 27 Oct 2022 15:47:18 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1372 State Route 83 in Arizona
SR-83
Get started Parker Canyon Lake
End Vail
Length 54 mi
Length 86 km
Route
Parker Canyon

Lakesonoita

Vail

According to watchtutorials, State Route 83 is a state route in the U.S. state of Arizona. The road forms a north-south route through the south of the state, from remote Parker Canyon Lake to Interstate 10 in Vail. State Route 83 is 86 kilometers long.

Travel directions

Parker Canyon Lake is a small reservoir 5 miles north of the border with Mexico in the Huachuca Mountains. The road heads north out of the mountains and passes through desolate desert landscape. There are no real places on the route, Sonoita is nothing more than a collection of gas stations and restaurants. The road is single lane and somewhat secondary in character. Near the hamlet of Vail, State Route 83 ends at Interstate 10, 20 miles southeast of Tucson.

History

According to Citypopulationreview, State Route 83 was created in 1927, despite the road’s minor importance. The Parker Canyon Lake has some importance for recreation as there are not many lakes in this part of Arizona.

Traffic intensities

Only 200 vehicles drive to Parker Canyon Lake daily. This increases to 1,900 vehicles in Sonoita and 2,800 vehicles further to I-10.

State Route 84 in Arizona

SR-84
Get started I-8
End Casa Grande
Length 24 mi
Length 38 km
Route
Stanfield

Casa Grande

State Route 84 is a state route in the U.S. state of Arizona. The road connects Interstate 8 to Casa Grande. State Route 84 is 38 kilometers long.

Travel directions

The SR-84 at Casa Grande.

State Route 84 begins in the desert at a junction with Interstate 8 and heads northeast for a bit, then east for some distance parallel to I-8 toward Casa Grande. The terrain is flat and is a mix of desert and irrigated agricultural areas. State Route 347 connects towards Phoenix on the western part of the route. State Route 84 ends in the center of the town of Casa Grande at State Route 287 and State Route 387.

History

State Route 84 was created in 1927 and ran between Tucson and Picacho at the time. In 1928, the route was extended westward through Casa Grande to Gila Bend. This made it an alternative to US 80, which made a detour via Phoenix between San Diego and Tucson. In the 1960s, I-10 was built between Casa Grande and Tucson, shortening State Route 84 to Eloy. The original road is now a frontage road of I-10. With the construction of I-8, State Route 84 was also shortened in the west, to its current connection. In 1997 the section between Casa Grande and Eloy was deleted, leaving the current route. The road has only local importance because of the parallel running Interstate 8.

Traffic intensities

Every day, 800 vehicles travel between I-8 and SR-347 and 2,500 vehicles continue to Stanfield, then increasing to 4,800 vehicles at Casa Grande.

State Route 85 in Arizona

SR-85
Get started Lukeville (MEX)
End Buckeye
Length 129 mi
Length 207 km
Route
Lukeville

ajo

Gila Bend

Buckeye

State Route 85 is a state route in the U.S. state of Arizona. The road forms a north-south route in the south of the state, from the Mexican border at Lukeville via Ajo and Gila Bend to Interstate 10 in Buckeye, a western suburb of Phoenix. State Route 85 is 207 kilometers long.

Travel directions

The State Route 85 in the Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument.

State Route 85 begins on the border with Mexico, where Carretera federal 8 in Mexico continues to Sonoyta and Puerto Peñasco. State Route 85 is then a single-lane road that heads north through the Sonoran Desert. There are some mountain ridges in the area, but the road mainly runs through plains. The largest town in this region is the mining town of Ajo, which has a large deep open mine.

About 70 kilometers north of Ajo you reach Interstate 8 at Gila Bend. The road then passes through downtown Gila Bend and then heads north through the desert as a 2×2 divided highway, as this section also carries traffic from San Diego to Phoenix. The road runs through Phoenix’s far western suburb of Buckeye and ends at a half stack with Interstate 10, about 31 miles west of downtown Phoenix.

History

State Route 85 was created in 1936 to connect Ajo and Gila Bend. From the 1920s, the importance of Ajo increased due to a large open mine. However, the population has been declining since the 1980s. In 1955, State Route 85 was extended from Ajo to the Mexico border at Lukeville. In 1977, State Route 85 was routed over former US 80 to Phoenix. In 1994, State Route 85 was rerouted along Buckeye to I-10, after which the old Buckeye-Phoenix route was scrapped as part of State Route 85.

State Route 85 is not of major importance for international traffic between the United States and Mexico. The importance of mining in Ajo has also declined, with the population of Ajo more than halved since the 1960s. However, the northern section between Gila Bend and Buckeye is of great importance for through traffic between San Diego and Phoenix, as there is no direct highway connection between the two cities, other than the detour via Casa Grande. State Route 85 is therefore constructed as a divided highway with 2×2 lanes between I-8 and I-10.

The half-star interchange with I-10 at Buckeye was built before 1992. Around 2008, State Route 85 at Buckeye was doubled to 2×2 lanes with a very wide median strip where a freeway could be built between the lanes in the future. In fact, the northernmost 2 kilometers of State Route 85 has already been run as a freeway.

Future

State Route 85 is a potential freeway corridor between Gila Bend and Buckeye. To this end, the main carriageways could be constructed at Buckeye, and elsewhere the existing road could be made grade-separated. The Arizona State Prison Complex in Lewis already has a grade-separated connection, which was built sometime between 1996 and 2003 during the doubling. Gila Bend will require a new bypass.

Traffic intensities

Every day, 800 vehicles use the border with Mexico in Lukeville. This increases to 3,200 vehicles in Ajo and 1,600 vehicles between Ajo and Interstate 8 near Gila Bend. The section between Gila Bend and Buckeye handles between 8,000 and 16,000 vehicles per day.

State Route 85 in Arizona

]]>
State Route 22, 25, 26 and 29 in Florida https://www.softwareleverage.org/state-route-22-25-26-and-29-in-florida.html Wed, 26 Oct 2022 12:29:54 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1370 Florida State Route 22
SR-22
Get started Panama City
End Wewahitchka
Length 26 mi
Length 42 km
Route
Panama CityWewahitchka

According to act-test-centers, State Route 22 or State Road 22 (SR-22) is a state route in the U.S. state of Florida. The road forms an east-west route in the Florida Panhandle, from Panama City to Wewahitchka. The road is also called the Wewa Highway. State Road 22 is 42 kilometers long.

Travel directions

State Road 22 begins in Springfield, a small suburb of greater Panama City. Here the road joins the US 98 Business Route. The road heads east as a two-lane city road and crosses the actual US 98 not far after that. You leave the urban area fairly quickly, after which the rest of the route leads through a sparsely populated forest area. There are no significant side roads until the terminus in Wewahitchka, where State Road 22 ends at State Road 71.

History

State Road 22 was created with the renumbering of 1945 and has always run between Panama City and Wewahitchka. No significant upgrades have been made to the route.

Traffic intensities

10,000 to 16,000 vehicles drive daily in the built-up area of ​​Panama City, beyond that, 3,000 vehicles drive as far as Wewahitchka.

Florida State Route 25

SR-25
Get started Miami
End Jennings
Length 429 mi
Length 690 km
Route

State Route 25 or State Road 25 (SR-25) is a state route in the U.S. state of Florida. State Road 25 is largely an administrative and unsigned number for several US Highways on the route from Miami to the Georgia border. The route is a total of 690 kilometers long.

Travel directions

State Road 25 begins in Miami as NE 36th Street. The route coincides almost directly with US 27 in Florida and follows it for 438 kilometers to Lady Lake, a village north of Leesburg. This route leads through the central part of Florida and outside the Miami region it mainly passes through smaller towns, but through the urbanized region of Central Florida. Between Lady Lake and Belleview, the former State Road 25 follows an alternate route via Weirsdale and Ocklawaha. This is now County Road 25.

From Belleview, the route follows US 441 to Lake City, a 148-mile stretch that passes through Ocala and Gainesville. From Lake City, the route follows US 41 to the Georgia border at Jennings.

History

With the renumbering of the state roads in 1945, a grid was introduced in Florida where odd routes run north-south and each x5 number is a primary route, in this case State Road 25. Because the network of US Highways was not skipped, many primary routes in whole or in part with US Highways, in the case of State Road 25 US 27, US 301, US 441 and US 41. The only section that deviated from this was a 45-kilometer section between Lady Lake and Belleview in Central Florida. However, this section is no longer a state road and has since been numbered County Road 25.

Florida State Route 26

SR-26
Get started Fanning Springs
End Putnam Hall
Length 62 mi
Length 100 km
Route
Fanning Springs

Trenton

Newberry

Gainesville

Melrose

Putnam Hall

State Route 26 or State Road 26 (SR-26) is a state route in the U.S. state of Florida. The road forms an east-west route through the north of the state, from Fanning Springs to Putnam Hall. The main town on the route is Gainesville. State Road 26 is 100 kilometers long.

Travel directions

State Road 26 in Gainesville.

State Road 26 begins in the village of Fanning Springs on US 98 and heads east through an agricultural area that has experienced some degree of urbanization. This is in the catchment area of ​​the city of Gainesville. The road is single carriageway and crosses a number of north-south routes. From Newberry, the road has 2×2 lanes and connects to Interstate 75 on the west side of the city of Gainesville. The road then forms a four -lane urban arterial that runs west to east through Gainesville, past the University of Florida and through downtown. East of Gainesville, the road is single-lane again, passing through densely wooded areas to 100 State Road in the hamlet of Putnam Hall.

History

State Road 26 was created in 1945 as an east-west route through the college town of Gainesville. The start and end points are no longer changed. In and around Gainesville, the road has been widened to 4 lanes. The last section was widened to a 2×2 divided highway east of Newberry in the early 2000s.

Traffic intensities

7,000 to 11,000 vehicles drive daily between Fanning Springs and Newberry, increasing to 19,000 to 27,000 vehicles on the 2×2 portion to I-75 at Gainesville. The busiest point is west of Gainesville at the junction with I-75 where 52,000 vehicles drive daily. This drops to 20,000 to 30,000 vehicles through Gainesville itself and 10,000 vehicles through Melrose. The last part up to Putnam Hall has only 4,000 vehicles per day.

Florida State Route 29

SR-29
Get started Carnestown
End palmdale
Length 76 mi
Length 122 km
Route
Carnestown

Immokalee

LaBelle

palmdale

According to liuxers.com, State Route 29 or State Road 29 (SR-29) is a state route in the U.S. state of Florida. The road forms a north-south route across the southwest of the peninsula, from Carnestown to Palmdale, with the southern section passing through the Everglades. State Road 29 is 122 kilometers long.

Travel directions

State Road 29 near I-75 in the Everglades.

State Road 29 begins in the hamlet of Carnestown on US 41, not far from the sea. The road then heads north through the uninhabited Everglades, a vast forest and wetland area. After 30 kilometers there is a connection to Interstate 75 (Alligator Alley). Another 15 kilometers north, you leave the Everglades and the road leads through a more open area of ​​plantations and meadows. Here are a number of small towns on the route, most prominently Immokalee and LaBelle. The road ends at Palmdale on US 27.

History

In the late 1800s, the small town of Everglades emerged on the southwest side of the Everglades, which until then had been inaccessible by land. US 41 was built through the Everglades in the late 1920s, also known as the Tamiami Trail. A north-south route to Everglades was also developed, which became State Road 29. Everglades was later renamed Everglades City. State Road 29 was later shortened, the southernmost section between Everglades City and US 41 is now a county road.

Traffic intensities

Every day, 1,300 vehicles drive between US 41 and I-75 and 3,000 to 7,000 vehicles between I-75 and Immokalee. After that, 6,000 vehicles will drive to LaBelle and 3,500 vehicles to Palmdale.

Florida State Route 29

]]>
Czech Republic Geography and Economy https://www.softwareleverage.org/czech-republic-geography-and-economy.html Fri, 26 Aug 2022 11:04:41 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1344 Geographical conditions

The main watershed separating the basins of the North, Baltic and Black Seas passes through the Czech territory. The main river axes are in Bohemia the Elbe (370 km) with the Vltava (433 km), in Moravia the Morava river (246 km) with the Dyjí (306 km) and in Silesia the Odra (135 km) with the Opava (131 km).

From a physical-geographic point of view, the Czechia lies on the border of two mountain systems. The western and central part of the Czech Republic is filled by the Czech highlands, which mainly have the character of hilly and central mountains (Šumava, Český les, Ore Mountains, Krkonoše, Eagle Mountains, Jeseníky Mountains). The Western Carpathians (Beskydy) extend into the eastern part of the country.

According to Countries and Exchange Rates, the climate of the Czech Republic is characterized by the interpenetration and mixing of oceanic and continental influences. It is characterized by a westerly flow with a predominance of westerly winds, intense cyclonic activity and relatively abundant rainfall. The coastal influence is manifested mainly in Bohemia, Moravia, and in Silesia continental climatic influences are increasing. Altitude and relief have a great influence on the climate of the Czech Republic. Of the total area of ​​the state territory, 52,817 km2 (67%) lies at an altitude of up to 500 m, 25,222 km2 (32%) at an altitude of 500 to 1,000 m and only 827 km2 (1.05%) at an altitude above 1,000 m. The average altitude is 430 m.

Also, the flora and fauna found in the territory of the Czech Republic testify to the mutual penetration of the main directions by which flora and fauna spread in Europe. Forests, mainly coniferous, occupy 33% of the total area of ​​the country.

The soil cover is also characterized by considerable variability. The most widespread type of soil in the Czech Republic is brown soil.

The length of the western common border of the Czech Republic with Germany is 810.7 km, of which 453.9 km with Saxony and 356.8 km with Bavaria. The common southern border with Austria is 466.1 km long, with Slovakia in the east 251.8 km and with Poland in the north 761.8 km, according to Polish data 789.89 km.

Economic

The Czechia has one of the most stable and prosperous economies of all post-communist countries. During the 1990s, there were fundamental changes in ownership relations – small and large privatization, restitution, restructuring and technological modernization, made possible both by domestic loans and especially by the opening of the country and the influx of foreign investments.

After the initial expansion, the Czech economy succumbed to a small recession, from which it recovered from the middle of 1999. Growth in 2000-2001 was mainly caused by exports to the EU, especially to Germany, further inflow of foreign investments and reviving domestic demand.

High budget deficits and growing national debt can cause a big problem in the future. The unfinished privatization of state-owned enterprises is also facing difficulties. Changes in legislation and especially in the judiciary are also unfinished.

The key mineral resources mined in the Czech Republic include black and brown coal. Oil and natural gas, kaolin or building materials are also mined on a small scale. Agricultural production almost meets domestic demand. Mainly grain (wheat, barley, corn), potatoes, sugar beet, vegetables, flax and rapeseed are grown. Growing hops, orchards and viticulture are also important. The basis of animal production is the breeding of cattle, pigs and poultry, as well as beekeeping or the breeding of freshwater fish (especially carp).

Thermal power plants (75%) and nuclear power plants (Temelín and Dukovany) are the basis of the energy industry. The main industrial centers are Prague, Brno, Ostrava and Pilsen. Important branches of industry include metallurgy, engineering, the textile industry, the food industry, the electrical industry and the production of means of transport. The most dynamically developing industry is construction.

The Czechia has a dense transport network. Telecommunications is developing rapidly. In recent years, foreign trade has had a passive balance, given mainly by the import of fuels and modern technologies, which is balanced by high incomes from tourism.

Czech Republic Geography

]]>
Trips to Sydney, Australia https://www.softwareleverage.org/trips-to-sydney-australia.html Thu, 18 Aug 2022 17:49:54 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1331 Arrival to Sydney

Kingsford Smith International Airport is approximately 10 kilometers south of the city centre.

There are no direct flights to Sydney from Germany, the distance is simply too great for that. But there are numerous connections where you change trains once – either in the Arab States or in Southeast Asia.

There are also numerous domestic flights to and from Sydney. The route between Sydney and Melbourne is one of the busiest routes in the world.

Transport from Sydney airport to the city

According to Countries Include, the airport is very well connected to downtown Sydney by public transport.

The quickest way to get to the city center is by train . Depending on the destination, the journey takes between 12 minutes (to Central Station) and 30 minutes (to Kings Cross). You need a good 20 minutes to get to the center of the Central Business District (CBD) (Circular Quay or Wynyard Station).

The journey costs 19.40 AUD (approx. 12 euros). You don’t need a ticket for this, you can simply hold your contactless credit card up to the card reader and get on board. Alternatively, you can also buy an Opal Card. See the public transport section for more information.

Withdraw and pay in Sydney

In Australia, the Australian Dollar (AUD) is used to pay. The conversion is around 0.70 euros for 1 AUD.

Cashless payments are common in Sydney, so you don’t actually have to withdraw cash at all. In just under two weeks we paid for everything with just a card. This is quick and easy, since you can also pay contactless everywhere and the readers here are significantly faster than in Germany.

If you prefer cash, you will also find many ATMs in the city. Depending on the bank, these machines charge a fee of around 2 to 5 AUD per withdrawal.

But you should still have a credit card with you, because cash is no longer accepted everywhere in Sydney. You can pay with cash in 80 to 90% of shops and restaurants, but not everywhere.

If you don’t already have a credit card that allows you to pay and withdraw money abroad for free, be sure to read our article on the best travel credit card .

We prefer to use the DKB credit card , with which we can pay and withdraw cash free of charge worldwide.

Travel expenses in Sydney

Sydney is not a cheap travel destination. Accommodation is very expensive, as is alcoholic beverages in bars.

Food can, but does not necessarily have to be expensive. If you eat in simple restaurants or food courts, the prices are a bit higher than in Germany, but not by much.

Here is a small overview of the costs you have to expect in Sydney:

Flight to Sydney: 700 to 1200 euros
Overnight stay in a good mid-range hotel: 150-250 euros
1.5 liter bottle of water: 1 to 3 AUD
Coffee: 4 to 6 AUD
Metro ticket: 3 to 5 AUD
Dinner in a simple Local: AUD 15 to 25
Eating in the food court or food truck: AUD 10 to 15

What to pack for Sydney?

You don’t actually need any special equipment for Sydney. If you’re going to Sydney in the Australian summer, pack shorts and flip flops. You are guaranteed not to stand out among the locals.

If you want to make it easy for yourself, check out our city trip packing list .

A power adapter for Australia is also important. We always have a universal travel adapter and multiple USB plugs with us and are therefore well equipped for all countries. If you only need an adapter for Australia, we can recommend this one.

You should also think about sunscreen. You can also buy them in Australia, but it’s best to take a pack with you. The Sydney sun can be really relentless and you shouldn’t go outside without protection.

Travel time & length of stay

The best time to travel to Sydney

Because Australia is in the southern hemisphere, the seasons are the opposite of ours. Australian summer falls on our winter and Australian winter on our summer months.

Overall, however, it is significantly warmer in Sydney than here. No matter what time of year you travel to Sydney, it will definitely be more comfortable than ours. Unless you like the cold and rain.

Sydney is typically hot and mostly dry during the summer months from December to March. Even late in the evening you can still walk around outside in short clothes and flip flops.

Spring from September to October and autumn from April to June tend to be changeable. During the day you usually have pleasant temperatures, but it can rain more often and get cooler in the evenings.

The Australian winter from July to August is probably the least attractive time to travel to Sydney. It’s still relatively mild for winter, but it’s still winter. As Sydney is an outdoor city, we would avoid these months.

How much time should you plan for Sydney?

In our opinion, you should plan at least 5 full days to visit the city. Of course, you can always go longer.

We were in Sydney for almost two weeks ourselves and weren’t bored. If you really only want to see the most important highlights, 3 days are enough for you. But then you have no opportunity to really immerse yourself in the city and soak up some of the atmosphere.

Good travel guide for Sydney

If you like having a printed guide with you, the Lonely Planet Sydney is a good choice.

If more than just Sydney is on your travel list and you are planning a tour along Australia’s east coast, take a look at the Stefan Loose Travel Guide Australia East .

Otherwise you have our page, where you can find the most important information and tips for your trip to Sydney.

Getting around Sydney

In Sydney you can get from A to B very easily by public transport. There are trains (Sydney Trains), a metro, trams and buses.

Opal Card vs Paying by Credit Card

Sydney is the first city we get to know where you don’t have to buy a ticket, but can simply pay for every trip with your credit card.

All you need is a credit card that allows contactless payment, one for each person. If there are two or three of you traveling, everyone needs their own card. Otherwise you have to get an Opal Card, which is available at all major stations.

The Opal Card is a ticket for all public transport in and around Sydney. This includes buses, trams, trains and ferries.

The card itself is free, but you have to load it with at least 10 AUD. You can then use up this credit bit by bit.

To do this, you first scan your Opal Card or credit card when you get on a means of transport and then do the same when you get off. The exact fare for the route you just traveled will then be debited from your card.

You can always top up your card at the Opal machines or at the transport information desk in the train stations. The credit is valid forever, you don’t have to use it up within a certain time. Of course, if you use your credit card, you don’t have to top it up.

The price per trip depends on the kilometers driven, the type of transport (bus, train) and the time. Off peak times and on weekends it is cheaper. A single trip usually costs between $2 and $5. This is significantly cheaper than in Germany.

In addition, you pay a maximum of AUD 16.10 per day, even if you drive more. This is the daily price that is calculated automatically. It’s really worth it, because the ferry to Manly, for example, costs AUD 10 one way. Every additional trip you take after a return trip to Manly that day is essentially a gift with the Opal Card.

Sundays are free from as little as $2.80 AUD, so this is a good day for touring. If you are traveling in Sydney for a whole week, you will pay a maximum of 50 AUD. However, the week here counts from Monday to Sunday and not simply 7 consecutive days.

Learning to photograph has never been so much fun! In our online photo course we will show you how easy it is to take beautiful photos. Want more info?

Hop on hop off buses in Sydney

The hop-on hop-off bus is another alternative way to get around Sydney. You can hop on and off as you please for a day or two, sightseeing the city from the open-top double-decker buses in between.

The bus runs on two routes. The red line browses the highlights of central Sydney, while the blue line travels to Bondi Beach. The hop-on hop-off bus is a good way to get an overview, especially for the first few days in Sydney.

Our tip : The online tickets are cheaper than the tickets on site.

Can you drink tap water in Sydney?

Yes, Sydney tap water is safe to drink.

However, the tap water is relatively heavily chlorinated. This is absolutely harmless to health, but not everyone likes it.

There are also quite a few water dispensers in the city where you can fill up your drinking bottles for free. If you’re lucky, the water there is even filtered and tastes better. If not, it tastes like chlorine here too.

Sydney, Australia

]]>
Ellis Island for Tourists https://www.softwareleverage.org/ellis-island-for-tourists.html Fri, 12 Aug 2022 15:19:09 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1328 The island in New York Harbor is still a popular destination for tourists from around the world who visit New York City and want to see this historic place. Annually, the national monument attracts up to two million tourists a year. And while parts of the historic facility have fallen into disrepair, Ellis Island has lost none of its charm and is definitely a destination to consider when visiting New York. Especially if you have relatives in the USA who or whose ancestors came to the country via Ellis Island. The months of May and June are considered the best time to visit the island. Then the temperatures are most comfortable.

  • Ask4beauty: Brief history and politics of state Wisconsin, covering latest population and geographical information of Wisconsin.

The buildings on Ellis Island are divided into four sections. In addition to the main building with the museum, the reception building and two other building blocks can also be found on the island. The main building is north of the landing basin, the reception building at the head of this basin.

Ellis Island National Museum of Immigration

The main attraction on the island is of course the museum. The museum is located in the main building of the former collection point and tells the moving story of the 12 million immigrants who came to America through the golden door of Ellis Island. The building, designed in the style of the French Renaissance, offers an audio tour with more than 120 hours of content. A family-friendly tour is also offered, which answers many questions and provides knowledge about this historic place.

Exhibitions here can relate Ellis Island’s role in the history of immigration to the United States through numerous artifacts, photographs, prints, interactive displays, narrated stories, and temporary exhibitions.

It also provides information on migration patterns around the world, research into the people who arrived in the United States before the Ellis Island era, and immigration from 1954 to the present day.

You can also use the American Immigrant Wall of Honor® or the American Flag of Face ™ Honor your family when you have ancestors who once arrived in America via Ellis Island.

Immigration Archives on Ellis Island

Do you have relatives in the United States and have you always wanted to learn more about your family history? Then you should definitely do that American Family Immigration History Center® pay a visit. An extraordinary collection of immigrant information data is offered here, either directly in the archives or can be searched online. There are almost 65 million arrival dates available here.

Guided tours of Ellis Island

  • Registration Room Tour: National Park Service staff and dedicated volunteers offer free tours. The tours last approximately 40 minutes and cover the history of the island during the busiest immigration years between 1892 and 1924. Tours begin at the information desk on the hour, with the number of tours varying daily.
  • Tour through the hospital complex: So-called hard hat tours are offered through the hospital complex, in which 750 beds were once available for those in need of treatment. As part of the 90 minute tour, see the laundry building, infectious and contagious disease stations, kitchen, staff rooms, autopsy room, and more. The tour also includes a visit to the “Unframed – Ellis Island” art exhibition by the renowned artist JR. The exhibition shows life-size historical photographs of immigrants on 22 interior walls. The tours are chargeable.

Two birds with one stone – Ellis Island and Liberty Island

The visit of Ellis Iceland with the National Museum of Immigration can be excellently with a visit to Liberty Iceland join, where the world famous Statue of Liberty, better known as the Statue of Liberty is. Visiting the islands is basically free for the public. However, the ferry to the Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island is chargeable.

Arrival to Ellis Island

Ellis Island with its National Museum of Immigration is open to the public every day, as is Liberty Island with the Statue of Liberty. Exceptions are the fourth Thursday in November (Thanksgiving) and December 25th. Depending on the weather, the ferries to the Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island can also be canceled.

The ferries to the Statue of Liberty on Liberty Island or to Ellis Island leave from Battery Park in Lower Manhattan or Liberty State Park in Jersey City. It is recommended to start no later than 1pm if you plan to visit both islands. You should plan around five hours for both islands. The ferry runs every 20 minutes. The return trip from Ellis Island offers the most beautiful view of the Manhattan skyline.

Warning: Statue Cruises is the ONLY ferry service authorized by the National Park Service to sell tickets for transportation to the islands. It is highly recommended to only buy tickets there! To cross over to the islands with one of the ferries from Battery Park or Liberty State Park, a strict security check must be passed through. You are not allowed to take large bags, strollers, rucksacks and other large items with you to the islands.

What is the cost of visiting Ellis Island?

When visiting the island, only the price of the ferry ticket applies. The price for a ticket is currently around US $ 20 for people aged 13 and over. Ranger and audio tours are included. Additional fees apply for the tour of the hospital complex.

Ellis Island for Tourists

]]>
San Francisco, California https://www.softwareleverage.org/san-francisco-california.html Fri, 05 Aug 2022 12:05:14 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1326 San Francisco is surrounded by the San Francisco Bay in the east, the Golden Gate in the north and the Pacific in the west on 42 hills with an area of ​​around 125 square kilometers. These hills offer impressive views again and again and fascinate every visitor, even if this also means that San Francisco is a city of stairs.

Nonetheless, San Francisco is a pedestrian city and can therefore be explored very easily on foot and by public transport, especially with the famous cable cars. San Francisco is located at the northern end of a peninsula 30 miles long and 6 miles wide, one of the best natural harbors on earth. Artificial embankments have expanded the urban area, especially in the east (Fisherman’s Wharf).

  • Allcitycodes: Lists of all area codes of California. Also includes state overview and counties by area code in California.

About 700,000 people live in San Francisco, it is the third largest city in California after Los Angeles and San Diego. The city is nicknamed “The City”. In no case should one say “Frisco”, that is frowned upon, at best “San Fran”.

In the 1960s, San Francisco was the Mecca of hippies and love-ins. Scott McKenzie’s song “San Francisco” describes this time. Today it is nostalgia and can no longer be felt. Nevertheless, San Francisco is a pulsating metropolis and is open to current developments and changes. Life is active here until the evening, not only in the tourist centers. This makes the city very attractive for young people as well, and the numerous cheap accommodation options offer San Francisco hostels.

This can be experienced in the touristically fully developed districts of Chinatown (allegedly the largest concentration of Chinese outside of China itself) and North Beach, but also in the less touristically developed areas of the Mission District, home of the Hispanics, or Haight Ashbury, the trendy meeting place the 60s. The “stronghold” of the gay community in the area around Castro Street is also known, around 40% of all single men are said to be homosexual here.

The main daily newspapers are the morning Chronicle and the evening Examiner. Both newspapers also appear with Sunday editions.

The combined sales tax (sales tax) of the state and the county is 8.5%, the hotel tax (transient occupancy tax) is an additional 5.5%.

Landmarks

Top San Francisco attractions include:

  • Alamo Square
  • Alcatraz
  • Castro District (Castro Street – Castro Theater)
  • Chinatown (Chinatown Gate – Grant Avenue – Waverly Place – Chinese Historical Society Museum)
  • Civic Center (Bill Graham Civic Auditorium – Public Library – Asian Art Museum – Opera House – Louise M. Davies Symphony Hall – City Hall – Civic Center Plaza)
  • Coit Tower
  • Cable cars
  • Financial District (Sheraton Palace – Bank of America – Embarcadero Center – Justin Herman Plaza – Hyatt Regency Hotel – Market Street – Ferry Building – Transamerica Pyramid – Wells Fargo History Room)
  • Fisherman’s Wharf
  • Golden Gate Bridge
  • Golden Gate National Recreation Area (Cliff House – Musée Mécanique – California Palace of the Legion of Honor)
  • Golden Gate Park (Conservatory of Flowers – California Academy of Sciences – Asian Art Museum – Japanese Tea Garden)
  • Haight-Ashbury
  • Mission District (Mission Dolores)
  • Nob Hill (Flood Mansion – Fairmont Hotel – Grace Cathedral – Stanford Court Hotel)
  • North Beach (City Lights Bookstore – Jack Kerouac Street – Vesuvio´s – Coit Tower – Telegraph Hill)
  • San Francisco Museum of Modern Art
  • Sausalito
  • South of Market (SoMa) (Ansel Adams Center for Photography – US Mint – Cartoon Art Museums – San Francisco Museum of Modern Art)
  • Yerba Buena Gardens (Moscone Convention Center)
  • Telegraph Hill (Statue Christopher Columbus – Coit Tower)
  • Union Square (Saks Fifth Avenue – Grand Hyatt Hotels – Maiden Lane – House 140)

Further information is available on the website sanfrancisco.travel. The San Francisco Convention & Visitors Bureau also offers descriptions – in English – for downloading for tours on foot – San Francisco is best visited on foot.

Tip: 2-hour tours guided by locals for the price of $ 18 give an insight into everyday life and the historical background of Chinatown. More details on the website of the organizer chinatownalleywaytours.org as well as in the German-language article in the “Süddeutsche Zeitung” from January 17, 2008 ” Dim Sum gives you wings – San Francisco’s Chinatown “And on the website of this organizer wokwiz.com. Information on the annual Chinese New Year Festival & Parade is available at chineseparade.com. If you have enough time, you should also plan a harbor tour (Pier 43 of Fisherman’s Wharf) and an excursion to the former prison island of Alcatraz.

Alcatraz Gardens

Every Friday and Saturday, a free walking tour of Alcatraz’s historic gardens begins at 9:30 a.m. at the docks of the former prison island. Visitors are guided through five gardens inspired by the work of previous gardeners. When the prison closed in 1963, the gardens were abandoned. Even so, almost 200 species of plants survived on the rocky ground. The gardens were restored with the help of historical recordings. alcatrazgardens.org

Climate and Weather

In San Francisco, water and fog act as a natural air conditioning system, there is a temperate ocean climate all year round, it rarely gets colder than 10 degrees Celsius and warmer than 25 degrees Celsius. Especially in summer, the city and its landmark, the Golden Gate Bridge, are covered in fog due to this “air conditioning”. This fog, which flows through the Golden Gate into the bay with the strongly warmed back country, also allows the beautiful days to cool down significantly, so sweaters and jackets are trendy. Due to these climatic conditions – atypical for the “rest” of the USA – numerous hotels have no air conditioning!

San Francisco is located in an earthquake area, in the catchment area of ​​the San Andreas Trench. So-called micro-earthquakes occur daily, the last major earthquakes were in 1906 and 1989. Another major earthquake (“The Big One”) is expected – now or in several years’ time – but a prediction of the occurrence can be based on current scientific knowledge not be given.

Free entry to museums

Individual museums in San Francisco offer free admission on certain days:

  • Tuesday 9.30am – 5pm: Palace of the Legion of Honor, 34th and Clement Street. https://legionofhonor.famsf.org/
  • First Tuesday of the month: San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, 151 Third Street. http://www.sfmoma.org
  • First Wednesday of the month until 8.45 p.m.: Asian Art Museum and Academy of Sciences, Golden Gate Park. http://www.asianart.org
  • First Wednesday of the month from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m.: Exploratorium. http: //www.exploratoriu m.edu
  • First Wednesday of the month from 12pm to 7pm: ItaloAmericano and African American Museums, Fort Mason.
    https://fortmason.org/residents/
  • Every Saturday and first Wednesday of the month from 11am to 7pm: Craft and Folk Art Museum, Fort Mason. https://fortmason.org/residents/

San Francisco, California

]]>
National Parks of Kenya https://www.softwareleverage.org/national-parks-of-kenya.html Thu, 28 Jul 2022 17:05:18 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1324 According to Paradisdachat, Kenya has 48 state national parks, including five marine ones. It is very difficult to count private farms and ranches. And everywhere you can go on a safari. Safari, Swahili language – hike, journey, expedition, caravan.

Masai Mara National Park.
“On May 3, Ivan Ivanovich wrote down in his diary his impressions of a meeting with representatives of the Kikuyu people, who were preparing to hunt a lion. He described their jewelry, clothes, hairstyles, made sketches, as well as the first watercolor drawing depicting Africans. Two days later he met the Maasai for the first time…”

The most famous park in East Africa, area 1672 sq. km. savannahs, hills, and forests, among all this flows the wide and swift river Mara. The southwestern part of Kenya is the ancestral land of the ancient Masai tribe. Therefore, the park lying on this land bears the same name. The Maasai people are very independent, they still keep the traditional foundations and order of life. Since ancient times, the most valuable thing for the Masai is livestock. What determines the nomadic way of life of the tribe, and they do not recognize the borders separating the modern territories of the states. They consider themselves the owners of their lands, they are ready to tell about themselves, demonstrate traditional dances, for a fee.

In addition to the Maasai, a great variety of animals, birds and reptiles live on this land. All of them also live according to their ancient laws of nature and are not afraid of people. We are already used to cars, so everyone in the park is doing their own thing. The tourists watch the animals, the animals watch the tourists, the Maasai tend their flocks. Numerous herds of zebras, and the largest population of lions in all of Africa.

Wildebeest migration

A seasonal event that takes place twice a year in the Masai Mara.

It happens like this: in July, when the rains passed and young grass turned green in Mara, 1.5 million of these powerful animals begin to migrate from the south (Serengeti National Park, Tanzania) to the north. During the movement, thunder rises, and nothing can stop this avalanche, sweeping away everything in its path, including those who stumbled in the ranks of relatives. Integral companions of antelopes are predators who collect large prey these days. The climax of this whole movement comes when the antelopes cross the Mara River, which is the natural border between the two parks. And here they are waiting for crocodiles…

In October, everything is repeated in the opposite direction.
Truly this is a great show of nature!

Tsavo National Park

Imagine a National Park bigger than Jamaica. This is Tsavo.

Vast expanses of plains, the legendary Kenya-Uganda railway passes through this area, with which an unusual story is connected about the Tsavo man-eating lions, who hunted the road builders. There were 120 victims in total. But those days are gone. And the park again began to live a free life. Due to the proximity to the Indian Ocean, nature here changes a little, and the closer to the coast, the more striking the changes. This park is very convenient to combine with a holiday on the coast. There are very good conditions for rafting (season May and December)

Amboseli National Park

Located near the Masai Mara and the border with Tanzania. Amboseli is called the land of giants.

This area of ​​wide and desolate plains, where the horizon line merges with the sky. Amboseli is famous for its huge population of elephants.

But the most impressive giant is Kilimanjaro. The highest peak in Africa is located on the territory of Tanzania, but under good natural conditions, the most grandiose views of this giant appear before the astonished public on the territory of Amboseli. When the sun begins to set, its rays paint the volcano in an unreal purple color, iridescent in different shades, and the snowy peak is painted in pink tones. And against this background, a large herd of elephants crossing the desert plain of Amboseli – this is the eternal image of Africa. The territory of the park covers 400 km. sq.

Aberdare National Park

If we drive north from Nairobi, after about 165 (2.5 hours) kilometers, the majestic ridge of the Aberdare mountain range, overgrown with dense forests, diluted with mountain meadows, which is home to buffalo, elephants and leopards, rises before our eyes. A series of picturesque waterfalls adds to the attraction of this area.
There are cozy lodges on the territory of the park.

Since the terrain here is mostly mountainous, it is difficult to travel by car, and the places are very beautiful, so the sovereign gentlemen of these territories came up with hotels that are located on the tops of trees, and most importantly, next to water bodies. The whole joke is that, being on a special viewing platform, or directly from the room, you have the opportunity to watch the animals that walk nearby and come to the watering hole. Sometimes there are funny, and sometimes tragic scenes of animal life.

The English queen stayed at one of the Tree Tops hotels, and she really liked it there, and the owners are very proud of it, and they tell everyone, and there are photos, photos around…

National Parks of Kenya

]]>
Cincinnati, Ohio https://www.softwareleverage.org/cincinnati-ohio.html Fri, 22 Jul 2022 10:05:51 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1322 CINCINNATI – HOME OF THE LARGEST OKTOBERFEST IN THE UNITED STATES

It’s actually a shame that Cincinnati is not one of those cities in the USA that are particularly popular with tourists. “The Queen City”, as the city calls itself, would be an ideal starting point for travelers who really want to immerse themselves in life in the USA and who want to discover the Americans in their very own way of life.

According to ehuacom, with around 300,000 residents, the city is manageable enough to be able to get at least a good first impression in a few days. As part of a metropolitan area with over two million people, however, Cincinnati is also large enough to offer truly American dimensions. The city is also considered decidedly American because it has little European influence. As I said: little, but not none at all. Because despite the unspectacular location in the Midwest, the Germans left a lasting and very lively impression here not only with their good cuisine, but also with the Oktoberfest. And the name of the city cannot really deny its European origins. It goes back to a famous Roman general.

Roman antiquity and north German mercenaries

So, if someone has thought of Cincinnati with cinnamon in their mind. Instead it was the old warrior Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus after whom the city was named. But what does a successful and morally exemplary general who lived from 519 to 430 BC have to do with an American city founded in 1788? This is where the Germans come in. Many mercenaries, especially from the north-west of today’s Germany, had settled in the area and founded a professional association – the Society of the Cincinnati. Incidentally, one of the most prominent members was George Washington, who was not only the first President of the United States, but also the first President of this same association of veterans. When the settlement finally got its urban constitution in 1814, the honorable Roman name was adopted without further ado. Cincinnati was founded.

A city in the tri-border region

But where exactly is this original American city located? Politically it still belongs to Ohio, but is located there in the southwestern border area. Visits to Kentucky and Indiana are therefore really just a stone’s throw from Cincinnati. The city’s location right on the river is also remarkable. The Ohio River is well over half a kilometer wide here and is framed by rolling hills. It doesn’t take a lot of imagination to imagine that these hills are home to the most sought-after properties and the most beautiful villas. By the way, there is also room for a few vineyards where good wines are produced.

The location in the border triangle between Ohio, Indiana and Kentucky is a plus point for travelers who want to get to know the Midwest and thus important agricultural regions of the USA. How close everything is is shown by the fact that Cincinnati, Ohio Airport is in Kentucky; just under 20 kilometers in the southwest of the city.

What to see in Cincinnati

A lot has happened in the city on the mighty Ohio. Just ten years ago, the dilapidated former quarter of German immigrants “over-the-rhine” was considered the most dangerous district in America. The city administration and investors have put an end to this in a joint effort. Today “Over-the-rhine” is the trendiest quarter in the city, where you can go out wonderfully, shop and eat well. However, German restaurants in particular regularly face competition in September. Then the “Oktoberfest” (oktoberfestzinzinnati.com) celebrated. The folk festival with bratwurst, beer, dirndls and brass music is the largest Oktoberfest in the entire USA, and even worldwide – with the exception of the original in Munich, of course. Incidentally, Bavaria’s state capital is twinned with Cincinnati. That alone guarantees that the copy does not deviate too far from the original.

With originals, visitors can also get it at the Cincinnati Art Museum (953, Eden Park Drive, cincinnatiartmuseum.org) to do. The permanent collections include objects dating back to ancient times, which are best seen on a guided tour. These tours are not only highly informative and entertaining, they are also basically free. The visitor only has to pay for admission if one of the top-class special exhibitions is pending. But who is surprised when, for example, between October 2016 and January 2017 world-famous works by Vincent van Gogh from leading museums in Cincinnati are brought together?

The contemporary works on display at the Lois & Richard Rosenthal Center for Contemporary Art (44 E. 6th Street) are partly more experimental and perhaps not so well known to many art lovers. contemporaryartscenter.org) to be issued. By the way, both museums are worth a visit for their architecture alone.

But not only friends of the fine arts get their money’s worth in Cincinnati. If you like, you can also experience live music here – from a small country club to a large symphony orchestra concert, everything is regularly available.

Of course, there’s plenty to do outdoors in Cincinnati. Anyone who comes around November will be in “Eden Park” (cincinnatiparks.com/central/eden-park/) directly on the Ohio River in the Walnut Hills experience the fascinating “Balluminaria”, where glowing hot air balloons come together. The rest of the year you can simply enjoy the park because of its great views, its wonderful landscape and its plants. A park of a different kind is the Coney Island Amusement Park (6201 Kellogg Ave, coneyislandpark.com). The name suggests that children can have a great time in this amusement park.

One thing that visitors to Cincinnati should definitely not miss is the nighttime view of the John A. Roebling Suspension Bridge that spans the Ohio River between Cincinnati, Ohio and Covington, Kentucky. Travelers should definitely not miss the daring construction and atmospheric lighting. On the Kentucky side, one can enjoy the construction from many bars and restaurants.

Cincinnati in a nutshell

  • Over-the-rhine is Cincinnati’s trendy neighborhood
  • In September, the largest Oktoberfest outside of Munich is celebrated in Cincinnati
  • High-quality exhibitions and shows at the Cincinnati Art Museum
  • The Lois & Richard Rosenthal Center for Contemporary Art shows contemporary art
  • The well-lit John A. Roebling suspension bridge is a tip for “after dark”

Cincinnati, Ohio

]]>
What to See in Baden-Baden (Germany) https://www.softwareleverage.org/what-to-see-in-baden-baden-germany.html Fri, 15 Jul 2022 04:36:20 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1319 According to Loverists, Baden-Baden is located in southern Germany in the northern foothills of the Black Forest. Nature rewarded this place with hot healing springs, which in the 19th century. made the city the summer capital of Europe. Local radon sodium sources have a temperature of +68 o. In addition, mineral mud is also used for medical and wellness programs. The climate in Baden-Baden is very mild due to its location in a hollow protected from the wind by mountains. Picturesque landscapes complete the picture and make Baden-Baden the best spa resort in Germany.

Indications for treatment at the resort are diseases associated with disorders of the musculoskeletal system (arthrosis, spondylosis, rheumatoid arthritis and spondylitis), functional disorders after strokes, neuritis, neuralgia, the consequences of road accidents, cardiac and circulatory disorders, metabolic disorders, chronic female diseases and chronic respiratory diseases. In addition, it offers all kinds of programs to increase vitality, relaxation programs and a beauty complex.

There are several open sources at the disposal of Baden-Baden: Fettkwelle, Murkwelle, Helkwelle, as well as thermal centers Friedrichsbad and Caracalla Terme. Friedrichsbad offers Roman-Irish baths, Ayurvedic aromatherapy and thalassotherapy departments. Caracalla Terme is a modern complex of over 1000 m 2 with outdoor and indoor swimming pools, many saunas, inhalation room, Jacuzzi, hot and cold water grottoes, jet massages, solariums and much more. Tastings of the various thermal waters of Baden-Baden have been held since 1842 in the Trinkalle tasting room. The gallery is decorated with 14 frescoes depicting the most famous legends of the Black Forest. Fans of outdoor activities can visit tennis courts and golf courses, go horseback riding, and in winter skiing (ski centers are located a few kilometers from the resort).

Baden-Baden is ancient buildings, well-groomed streets and parks, luxury shops and hotels, a theater, a philharmonic society, an exhibition hall and a casino. Among the attractions worth noting are the following. Lichtental Monastery and Lichtental Alley are an oasis of peace and relaxation that has existed for over 150 years. Both an English landscape park and a botanical garden are presented here at the same time, where more than 300 species of exotic plants and flowers grow. The park is decorated with original fountains, gazebos and ponds. The Lichtental Monastery is located at the end of the Alley and was founded as a Cistercian abbey in the 13th century. on the initiative of the Baden Margravine Irmengard. Today it is a functioning nunnery. On the territory of the monastery there are buildings of the abbey, the monastery church, the hermit’s chapel, the chapel and the school. In the Gothic church, you can see works of art from different centuries. The princely chapel was built in 1288 and until 1372 was the burial place of the Baden margraves. In it you can see the grave of Countess Irmengard.

Baden Baden has long been a favorite vacation spot of the Russian aristocracy and cultural elite. Members of the royal family also came here. This was the reason for the construction of the Orthodox Church in Catholic Protestant Germany. The initiative to build the church belongs to Prince Nikolai Stolypin and Princess Elena Trubetskoy, who permanently lived in Baden-Baden. The church was built in an elegant Northern Russian style. Much of the interior and exterior decoration of the church was made according to the sketches of Prince Grigory Gagarin.

Mount Merkur – the highest (668 m) mountain of the Black Forest in the vicinity of Baden-Baden. You can climb the mountain by funicular or on foot. The funicular operates from 10.00 to 22.00, rising every 10-15 minutes. From the top you have a wonderful view of the city.

Baden-Baden has received the name “City of Roses” because there are annual competitions for the best new variety of roses. More than 300 species of these luxurious flowers grow in the Rose Garden on the Lichtental Alley .

The “Palace of Festivals” was opened in 1998 and immediately became one of the most significant concert and opera stages in Germany. The huge hall for 2500 seats (the second largest in Europe) has excellent acoustics thanks to a successful architectural solution. The Mariinsky Theater visits here every year. Recently from Salzburg the traditional festival in memory of Herbert von Karajan has moved here, which attracts the best theaters in the world.

The Brahms House in Baden-Baden is the only house of the great composer preserved in Germany. In 1864, Johann Brahms visited the city for the first time and subsequently played a significant role in the development of its cultural life.

The city casino is considered one of the best and most elegant in Europe. Famous people of the world and Russia left their autographs in his guest book, among them such famous names as Tolstoy, Dostoevsky and Gogol. Sloss Favorite Summer Residence is only 10 km away., built in 1710-20. in baroque style at the request of the wife of Ludwig Wilhelm of Baden, Sivilla Augusta.

Baden-Baden (Germany)

]]>
Samarkand (Uzbekistan) https://www.softwareleverage.org/samarkand-uzbekistan.html Fri, 08 Jul 2022 05:55:05 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1314 According to Local Business Explorer, Samarkand is one of the oldest cities in the world, its history is about 2500 years old. It is located 275 km southwest of Tashkent on the slopes of the Turkestan Range at an altitude of 700 m. The city was first mentioned in 700 BC as Marakanda. It was the capital of the state of Sogdiana. Since the opening of the Great Silk Road, Marakanda has been its key point. At different periods of its history, the city was under the control of the Persians, Seleucids, Chinese, Arabs and Eastern Turks. In 1220 it was plundered and almost completely destroyed by the Mongols. The city acquired its modern name under Genghis Khan. The heyday of Samarkand fell on the reign of Emir Timur (14-15 centuries), when Samarkand became the capital of his empire. Samarkand It was surrounded by fortress walls, inside which grandiose architectural ensembles were erected and numerous parks were equipped.

In 2001, for its unique appearance, Samarkand was included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. The city is famous for its architectural monuments dating back to the reign of the Timurid dynasty. Local residents honor Emir Timur and his grandson, the astronomer Ulugbek, under whom Samarkand gained power. Here you can see the monuments of these rulers. Samarkand architecture of the Middle Ages is known all over the world: the unique external glazed and gilded cladding of ancient buildings are the hallmark of the city.

All roads of the Old City of Samarkand lead to Registan Square. Its ensemble was formed in the 15th-17th centuries and included mosques, minarets and mausoleums. However, Registan, as the center of the public life of the city, began to take shape long before the Mongol invasion. It was the center of crafts and trade. Today, the Registan is adorned with such ancient buildings as the Ulugbek madrasah (early 15th century), where Ulukbek himself lectured on mathematics and astronomy, the Sher-Dor madrasah (early 17th century), which is a copy of Ulugbek’s madrasah, and the Tilya-Kari madrasah (mid-17th century). Ulugbek Madrasah stands in the western part of Registan Square. It was built under the grandson of Amir Timur – Ulugbek – and became one of the most important centers of learning in the Muslim East of the 15th century. The famous poet, scientist and philosopher Abdurakhman Jami studied here. Minarets rise in the corners of the madrasah. In its courtyard there is a mosque, lecture rooms and living rooms where students lived. Sher-Dor Madrasah stands opposite the Ulugbek Madrasah. Its name translates as “Building with lions”. The Tillya-Kari Madrasah closes the Registan from the north. In addition to the center of education, the main mosque of the city was also located here. Tillya-Kari means “trimmed with gold”, and in fact, its interior decoration is made in the “kundal” technique with abundant use of gold leaf.where you can see many tombstones. The Sheibanids, who led the nomadic Uzbeks, conquered the weakened Timurid empire in the 15th century. The oldest burial in this mausoleum dates back to the 16th century. Behind the mausoleum is the trading dome of Chorsu, which confirms the fact that the Registan was the trade center of medieval Samarkand.

In the vicinity of Registan Square, the remains of the huge cathedral mosque Bibi-Khanym are interesting. Its construction began in 1399 under Emir Timur. After his trip to India the great commander wanted to build the most grandiose mosque in the Islamic world. The best architects of the state worked on this project, they used the latest achievements of oriental construction: majolica, carved mosaics, carved marble, carved wood and painting on plaster. The dome of the mosque was often compared to the firmament. However, in 1405 Emir Timur died and the mosque was never completed. To this day, the outer walls, the portal and some buildings have survived from the mosque.

Not far from the Bibi-Khanym mosque is the ancient settlement Afrosiab, where the capital of the state of Sogdiana was once located. The mysterious burial complex Shakhi-Zinda has been preserved here.. It is a long street along which there are a dozen mausoleums of the 14th-15th centuries with burial places of close relatives of Emir Timur. The main shrine is the mausoleum of Shakhi-Zinda – the cousin of the Prophet Muhammad – Kusam ibn Abbas. On the territory of Afrosiab, the Museum of the Origin of Samarkand is also interesting. Archaeological finds are exhibited here, telling about the history and culture of the ancient capital – Sogdiana.

Not far from the Shakhi-Zinda complex is the mausoleum of Timur himself and his descendants – Gur-Emir. The construction of the mausoleum began in 1403 after the death of Timur’s beloved grandson, Muhammad Sultan. In subsequent years, the mausoleum became the burial place of Emir Timur, his sons Shahrukh and Miranshah, and another of his grandsons, Ulugbek. In addition, Timur’s teacher, Mir Said Baraka, was also buried here. The Gur-Emir mausoleum is a single-dome building with a crypt. Its outer walls and drum are decorated with blue and white mosaics, while its inner wall panels are made of yellow and green marble, painted with blue paint and finished with gilding. Even during the reign of Ulugbek, a tombstone made of dark green jade was installed over the grave of Timur. An inscription is carved on the plate: “Whoever disturbs my peace in this life or in the next, will be subjected to suffering and perish.” This fatal curse has been confirmed.

The Gur-Emir mausoleum is surrounded by other sacred buildings, in its vicinity are the Rukhabad mausoleum, in which, according to legend, the hair of the prophet Muhammad is stored, and the Aksaray mausoleum with the graves of Timur’s associates. In addition, the mausoleum of the prophet Daniel, known in Islam as Khoja Daniyar, is located in Samarkand. According to legend, Emir Timur brought the hand of a descendant of King Solomon to Samarkand and built a mausoleum over its burial place. Today, this mausoleum is a place of pilgrimage, next to it there is a source of holy water. Other alleged burial sites of the prophet Daniel are at the Dzoul Kamein Mosque in Alexandria, in the palace of Darius in the biblical city of Susa in the southwest Iran, and in the city of Hilla in Iraq. In 1908, the remains of Ulugbek’s observatory of 1428 were discovered 2 km northeast of Samarkand on the Kuhak hill. In the Middle Ages, it was one of the most grandiose observatories in the East. Here, in 1437, the famous Ziji-Gurgani catalog of the starry sky was compiled, where 1018 stars were described. Of the equipment of the observatory, only a part of the measuring instrument has survived – a sextant, the radius of which was 40.21 m. Today, on the site of the observatory, there is the Ulugbek Museum, where you can see excerpts from “Ziji-Gurgani”, a collection of astronomical instruments and photographs of excavations. Samarkand and its surroundings attract not only history buffs. The city is surrounded by the Gissar and Turkestan ranges, the Matcha and Fan mountains, which are great places for hiking and ecotourism. The slopes of the mountains are dotted with numerous routes, most of which pass through protected areas.

Slightly east of Samarkand is the Zeravshan Reserve. It was established in 1975 in the floodplain of the Zeravshan River. The total area of the reserve is 2352 hectares. The tugai forests of the middle course of the Zeravshan River and the population of the rare Zarafshan pheasant are protected here. In addition to tugai, shrub thickets and floodplain meadows extend on the territory of the reserve. The main types of vegetation are poplar, willow, sucker, fruit, sea buckthorn, comb, reed, reed grass, erianthus, emperor, licorice, kendyr, azhrek and astragalus. The reserve is home to 17 species of mammals, over 170 species of birds and several species of reptiles. From animals, the tolai hare, porcupine, fox, jackal, badger and numerous rodents are common, from birds – Zarafshan pheasant, black-bellied grouse, pigeons, night heron, white stork, demoiselle crane and various sandpipers.

150 km east of Samarkand on the northern slope of the western part of the Pamir-Alai Turkestan Range, the Zaamin National Park and the Zaamin Reserve are located. These are one of the oldest protected areas in Uzbekistan., the Zaamin Reserve was established in 1926, and the Zaamin National Park in 1976. Almost untouched by man, mountain ecosystems and juniper (juniper) complexes are protected here. The total area of the protected area is 31,500 hectares. The absolute heights of the surface range from 1000 m to 4030 m (Shaukartau peak). The most common types of vegetation are juniper (tree-like juniper), mountain ash, ash, maple, honeysuckle, wild rose, barberry, hogweed, St. Of the animals in the protected areas, the Central Asian goat, wild boar, tolai hare, Turkestan lynx, snow leopard, white-clawed bear, wolf, fox, porcupine, badger, stone marten, ermine, weasel and many rodents live. There are about 150 species of birds here: gray partridge, bearded vulture, golden eagle, black vulture, griffon vulture, wood pigeon, white-winged woodpecker, oriole, black crow, magpie, tits, red-capped finch, juniper grosbeak and rare scops owl, owl, eagle owl, hobby falcon, sparrowhawk, black stork, eagle owl, purple thrush and saker falcon. Of the fish in local rivers, only marinka lives. In addition to the nature protection zone, the Zaamin National Park has a recreational zone where you can engage in a wide variety of types of tourism: hiking, mountaineering, skiing, etc.

The city of Shakhrisabz is located 170 km south of Samarkand.. Its name is translated from Persian as “green city”. Shakhrisabz is known as the birthplace of the great commander Emir Timur. In the 14th-15th centuries the city was called Kesh. The historical center of Shakhrisabz is included in the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. At the end of the 14th century, by order of Emir Timur, the construction of the Aksaray Palace began here, the ruins of which have survived to this day. Now in its place you can see two flanking towers, a 40-meter gate, part of the walls and magnificent mosaics in blue, white and golden tones. In the southern part of the palace complex, the mausoleum Dorus-Siadat, which was erected for the eldest son of Timur, has been preserved. To the west is the Kok-Gumbez mosque, built in the 15th century under Ulugbek. Nearby is a complex of mausoleums Gumbezi-Seyidan of the 15th century.

To the east of Shakhrisabz, in the foothills of the Pamir-Alay mountain system, there are two protected areas: the Kitab Geological Reserve and the Gissar Reserve.

The Kitab reserve is designed to protect the monuments of the geological history of the Earth, covering a period of time of 300-400 million years. It is located on the slopes of the Zeravshan Range. About 700 species of fossil organisms were found in the geological sections of the reserve. In addition to the monuments of geological history, the reserve is known for its diverse flora and fauna. Most of the mountainous, including endemic, flora and fauna of Central Asia is concentrated here.

In the Hissar Reserve mountain ecosystems and juniper complexes of the Gissar Range are protected. The area of the reserve is 80986 hectares. The reserve is rich in unique natural objects. In its southern part there is one of the largest caves in Central Asia – the cave of Amir-Timur-Kuragoni (Patrol of Emir Timur). It is located at an altitude of more than 2900 m and consists of two caves with a total length of about 800 m. In the caves you can see high grottoes with stalactites and an underground lake, which is fed by springs. There are also caves in the northern part of the reserve, among them are the largest cave systems in Central Asia of the Kyrtau ridge. Suut-Shar waterfall is located in the upper reaches of the Aksu River.

Samarkand (Uzbekistan)

]]>
Costa Brava, Girona (Spain) https://www.softwareleverage.org/costa-brava-girona-spain.html Fri, 01 Jul 2022 03:34:48 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1311 The Costa Brava is located in the northern part of the Mediterranean coast of Spain. The sandy beaches of this region stretch for 214 km from the border with France to the city of Blanes. Barcelona is located 40 km to the south.

Translated from Spanish, Costa Brava means “rocky coast”. And in fact, forested cliffs adjoin the quiet bays. The beach season here begins in June and ends in October. The main resorts of this part of the coast are Tossa de Mar, Lloret de Mar and Blanes.

Tossa de Mar is a noisy tourist city with a developed infrastructure. In the 18th and 19th centuries it was a major port. From medieval times, the fortress Vila Vella, which was built in the 14th century, remained in the city. It is located on a small cliff jutting out into the sea. There is also the Municipal Museum with archaeological finds and a collection of paintings by Catalan and foreign masters. In the new area of Vila Nova you will find many hotels, bars and restaurants. You can sunbathe on the municipal beaches of Mar Grande and La Baume.

According to Countries and Shipping Rates, Lloret de Mar is the main tourist center of Catalonia. From the beautiful promenade, surrounded by palm trees, offers a beautiful view of the sea. Next to it are medieval and modern buildings. The Church of Sant Roma was built in 1552 in the Gothic and Romanesque style. It is interesting to look at the Santa Cristina Hermitage and the Sailor Monument. Within the city there are 4 sandy beaches, where there are opportunities for active water sports. Not far from Lloret de Mar, Water World was built. It is ideal for families.

Blanes is the oldest resort on the coast. The famous botanical garden Jardin Botanico Marimutra is located on Mount Sant Joan. About 7,000 exotic plants have been collected here. Blans also has a zoo with marine animals Marineland, where spectacular shows are held with fur seals and dolphins.

Costa del Sol, Andalusia (Spain)

The Costa del Sol is located in the south of the Iberian Peninsula. It occupies 150 km in the Andalusian province of Malaga. The history of tourism in the Costa del Sol dates back to 1940 and since then the area has attracted many tourists.

A cold Atlantic current passes through the coastal waters, so the water temperature only in July reaches +23 degrees, and in June it does not rise above +20 degrees. But still, there are many beaches and opportunities for windsurfing, diving, yachting, tennis and golf. The Costa del Sol has some of the best golf courses in the world. The coast is very interesting in terms of attractions. The city of Ronda is famous for the largest bullfighting area in Spain, in Malaga it is worth seeing the medieval Cathedral, the Alcazabra fortress, visiting the birthplace of Pablo Picasso. Among the resorts of the Costa del Sol are Torremolinos, Fuengirola and Marbella.

Torremolinos is located 12 km from Malaga. In the center of it is a pedestrian area. Numerous streets diverge from here in different directions, the most crowded of them is St. Michael Street, here you will find all kinds of shops. It leads to the El Bajondillo beach area. It includes the beaches of Playamar and Los Alamos. A long promenade stretches from El Bajondillo, which rests on another recreation area – La Carihuela. It features the best beach bars and restaurants. For a family vacation, the water park, which is located at the entrance to the city, is perfect. It is worth seeing the old area of Torremolinos, which has survived to this day. An integral part of the city is the Torre de los Molinos, which gave it its name. The building of the French church Nuestra Senora del Carmen, built in the 19th century, is interesting. The Cortijo del Tajo area is the main archaeological site. Findings extracted here, scientists refer to the Neolithic times.

Fuengirola is located 35 km from Malaga. The center of the city is Constitutional Square. Sohail Castle rises on a nearby hill. It was built under Abderakhman III in the 10th century. The ruins of the old Roman city of Suel, located in this area in the 6th-3rd centuries BC, were also found here. On Thursdays, the largest market on the coast is open in the Recinto Ferial area. There is a zoo in the west of the city, next to it you can relax in the beautiful Sunny Park. Along the sea alley are Roman columns and a statue of the Virgin of Carmen, who is the patroness of fishermen. In the quiet area of Los Bolinches on the outskirts of the city are the beaches of Gaviotas and Torreblanca. They have been awarded European blue flags for clean coastal waters. Within the city limits, golf lovers will find about 20 golf courses that are open to players all year round. In the first week of October, Fuengirola celebrates the Feria and Romeria del Rosario. This is a festive fair with a solemn parade.

The resort of Marbella is considered one of the most prestigious resorts on the coast. Luxurious villas and five-star hotels, fashionable shops and cozy restaurants are everywhere here. Marbella is located 59 km from Malaga. The hill of La Concha rises above the city. In the old district, the main place of recreation is Orange Square. It houses City Hall, built in the Renaissance style in the 16th century. In Marbella you will find two large sandy beaches – El Fuerte and El Fontanilla.

Costa Brava, Girona (Spain)

]]>
Volgograd, Russia https://www.softwareleverage.org/volgograd-russia.html Fri, 24 Jun 2022 12:51:36 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1309 According to Homeagerly, Volgograd is located in the southeast of the European part of Russia on the right bank of the Volga River in its lower reaches. It stretched for 70 km along the river. In the area of the city, the direction of the Volga channel changes, forming an almost right angle. On the southern outskirts of Volgograd, the Volga-Don Canal begins, about 100 km long, which connected two rivers – the Volga and the Don. Volgograd, together with the nearby cities of Volzhsky and Krasnoslobodsk, forms a single agglomeration with a population of about 1.5 million.

The history of the city begins with the construction of the Tsaritsyn fortress on a small Volga island in the middle of the 16th century. For the first time in royal letters it was mentioned in 1589, this year is considered the year of foundation of Volgograd. Presumably the name Tsaritsyn comes from the Turkic phrase Sary-su, which means “yellow water”. The fortress served to defend the Volga route from the steppe nomads. In 1606, under False Dmitry I, an uprising against the tsarist troops broke out in the city, which was suppressed. At the beginning of the 17th century, Tsaritsyn burned down and was rebuilt in 1615 on the right bank of the Volga. In the period from 1667 to 1670, a detachment of the Cossacks of Stepan Razin stopped in Tsaritsyn more than once. At the beginning of 1670, Stepan Razin captured the local fortress and introduced a Cossack device, a few months later he left the fortress and moved further south. In 1717, Tsaritsyn was attacked by the Crimean and Kuban Tatars. This was the impetus for the construction of a guard line along the southern borders of the state, which began from Tsaritsyn. Outposts were built along it, guarded by soldiers and Cossacks. In 1721, the fortress, together with the settlements that appeared around it, was given the status of a city, although they attributed it to the lowest – the fifth category of cities with a small population.

To protect the Tsaritsyn guard line, it was decided to create the Volga Cossack army, in connection with which Tsaritsyn was fortified and became the center of the military line from the Volga to the Don. In 1774, Tsaritsyn was twice besieged by the troops of Yemelyan Pugachev. After the defeat of the uprising of Emelyan Pugachev, the Tsaritsyn guard line and the Volga Cossack army were abolished. In 1780, Tsaritsyn became a district town of the Saratov province, and trade and industry began to develop here. In 1862, a railway was laid through the city, Tsaritsyn became a major transport hub. Food products and oil products were reloaded here. In 1925 Tsaritsyn was renamed Stalingrad. During World War II, the famous Battle of Stalingrad took place in the city and its environs, during which a large group of Nazi troops was destroyed. The city suffered greatly from the attacks of the Nazis, numerous bombings almost completely destroyed it. In 1961, Stalingrad was renamed Volgograd. In 1965, for outstanding services to the Motherland, courage and heroism, which were shown by the city’s workers in the fight against the fascist invaders, Volgograd was awarded the title of Hero City. Nowadays Volgograd is one of the largest industrial centers of the Lower Volga region. In addition, it has preserved many memorable places and sights that reflect the history of this region.

The main attraction of Volgograd is Mamaev Kurgan. Fierce battles took place on this 102 m high mound during the Battle of Stalingrad. Mamaev Kurgan is located in the center of the city, on its slopes there is a park. In 1967, the historical and memorial complex “To the Heroes of the Battle of Stalingrad” was opened here.. The construction of the complex lasted 8 years. Now this place is one of the most visited in Russia. Thousands of tourists come here every year to bow to the heroism and valor of Russian soldiers and residents who defended their city from the Nazi invaders.

The memorial complex begins with the Entrance Square, where the composition – the high relief “Memory of Generations” is installed. The composition is a wall 17 m long and 8 m high, on which figures of people are carved, walking with wreaths and half-mast banners to the top of the mound to pay homage to the defenders of the Fatherland. Also on Entrance Square, 12 granite niches lined up in a row, each of which represents one of the hero cities: Moscow, Leningrad, Kiev, Minsk, Odessa, Sevastopol, Novorossiysk, Kerch, Tula, Brest Fortress, Murmansk and Smolensk. The niches contain capsules with earth from hero cities.

Then you get to the Alley of pyramidal poplars, which leads to the square “Fighted to death”. The square symbolizes the most difficult stages of the Battle of Stalingrad. In its center there is a pool with a sculpture “Stand to Death” 16.5 m high. The sculpture represents the bare torso of a warrior who stood up to defend the Motherland “breast”. From the square “Stood to the death”, further up the slopes of Mamaev Kurgan, a granite staircase rises, framed on both sides by walls 18 m high. The staircase gradually narrows, and the walls on both sides hang over it. The creators of these walls conceived to embody in them the image of the ruins that the city turned into after the Nazi bombardments and numerous battles. The walls are painted with bas-reliefs with figured compositions, documentary inscriptions and are accompanied by sound design – reports of the information bureau of that time and military songs. The left wall symbolizes the oath of the Stalingrad defenders – “Not a step back!”, the right one – the battle itself – “Only forward!”.

Volgograd, Russia

]]>
Sights of Qatar https://www.softwareleverage.org/sights-of-qatar.html Fri, 17 Jun 2022 01:56:26 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1306 Due to its natural and climatic features, Qatar is not rich in historical and natural monuments. The main attraction of the country is its rich history, as evidenced by the ever-expanding archaeological excavations that reveal more and more traces of ancient civilizations on the territory of Qatar. Softer than in neighboring countries, Islamic traditions, original culture and magnificent products of local artisans are also attractive. Doha (Ad-Doura) has earned an unenviable reputation as the dullest city on Earth, but this is not entirely true. Located in a harsh arid climate, the rather young capital of Qatar (founded in 1867) is located in a picturesque place in the bay. Many houses in the traditional Arabic style, created over the centuries based on maximum adaptation to local climatic conditions, create a characteristic style of urban development. The old quarters are framed by blocks of ultra-modern houses with mirrored windows, avenues and palm alleys that have grown during the years of the “oil boom”. The sights of the capital are the “old city”, Fort Doha, the Government House, the City Center Doha complex, the Landmark and Hyatt Plaza shopping malls, the Corniche, the Palm Island entertainment center, the Aladdin amusement park -Kingdom”, Aquarium, Doha Zoo and, of course, the traditional oriental markets (“suk”) “Suk-Wakif”, “Suk-Gold” and others, as well as many small traditional markets located mainly on the outskirts of the city. Museums of the capital deserve special attention. The ancient land of Qatar has only recently begun to reveal its secrets to researchers, and yet this territory was one of the centers of the spread of mankind in Asia. The National Museum of Qatar is located in the building of the palace of Sheikh Abdullah bin Mohammed, who ruled the country from 1913 to 1951.

According to Get Zip Codes, the main exposition of the museum is a two-level aquarium with representatives of the local underwater ichthyofauna, materials on Arab sea expeditions and the period when Europeans discovered the sea route to India are no less interesting. It also presents the traditional astronomical navigation methods of ancient sailors, the history of the formation of Islam, life, astronomy, industry and the traditional way of life of the Qataris. The Museum of Weapons of the Capital is based on the Sheikh’s weapons collection, which contains weapons of all times and peoples, including a unique collection of long-barreled Arab flintlock guns of the 18th-19th centuries. The Qatar Ethnographic Museum is housed in a restored traditional Qatari house found during construction in the courtyard of a new shopping complex. The museum shows the life of local residents before the oil boom and includes unique exhibits, including one of the few surviving “wind towers” – a traditional form of dwelling with a unique system of natural air conditioning and ventilation of the dwelling, indispensable in such a hot region. On the territory of Fort Doha, there is another museum of the capital, which largely repeats the exposition of the National Museum, and is famous for its good exposition of the country’s traditional crafts, including carving, chasing and gold notching on metal, carpet weaving and tapestries.

There is also a small postal museum in the capital. 25 km. north of Doha is the Umm Salal Mohammed Fort – a small snow-white structure with two towers and a small mosque with an old minaret, which has only recently been restored to its original state. The only reason that justifies visiting this place is some truly unreal feeling that Umm Salal Mohammed lies in another world and in another space – the contrast of the azure sea, the desert white from the heat and the ancient brick walls of the fort is so fantastic. Umm-Salal-Ali, lying 40 km. north of Doha, is the most famous archaeological area in the country. The mounds and mounds that are now being studied by archaeologists are very old, and probably date back to the 3rd millennium BC. e. Scholars suggest that since Islam forbids burial in barrows, these stone mounds must have been left by some ancient tribes of pre-Islamic times. Some romantics even claim that these are the graves of mythical Aryan tribes or even no less fabulous Atlanteans.65 km. north of Doha, on the east coast of the country, lies the small town of Al Khor – by local standards, an open-air collection, consisting of a small museum (however, it is rarely open), mosques and many old towers scattered throughout the city, some of which have been restored to their original form. The real reason to stop at Al Khor isa huge and extremely picturesque panorama of the ocean, opening from the mosque (in the conditions of an absolutely “flat” country, this is already a rarity in itself). Lying along the northwestern coast of Qatar, the Al-Zubara region was for many centuries the main populated area of the country. For almost 200 years, the region was ruled by the al-Khalifa dynasty, the ruling family of Bahrain, but was hotly contested between them and the al-Thani, the royal family of Qatar. The fort that can be seen here today was built in 1938, shortly after the al-Thani dynasty took full control of the area. A couple of kilometers from the sand-covered city of Zubara lie the ruins of an ancient coastal fortification, probably from the 17th or 18th century.

Sights of Qatar

]]>
Sights of North Macedonia https://www.softwareleverage.org/sights-of-north-macedonia.html Thu, 09 Jun 2022 17:27:28 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1304 According to Country Learning, the ancient land of Macedonia, the birthplace of the ancient Macedonian civilization and proud people, the birthplace of Orthodox writing and one of the cleanest countries in Europe, is still poorly studied by tourists today. Meanwhile, this is one of the most interesting countries in the Balkans and one of the youngest states on the continent. In all Macedonian cities, many architectural monuments of the Middle Ages and antiquity are carefully preserved, and the unique natural environment allows us to consider the country one of the best European centers for active recreation – hiking and mountain tourism, caving, rafting and sport fishing. Skopje The capital of the country is Skopje, as the city has been known since the time of the Roman Empire. The modern capital of the country is divided into two parts – the Old City, populated mainly by Muslim Albanians, and the New, “Zarechny Skopje”, populated by Macedonians. After the devastating earthquake of 1963, when Skopje was destroyed by almost 70%, the architectural appearance of the city has changed a lot – rebuilt “by the whole world” under the leadership of the Japanese architect K. Tange, it still has unrestored quarters surrounded by houses of ultra-modernist architecture, rising above the narrow winding streets of the old districts. From old Skopje, only the central part, adjacent to the Kale fortress (XI century), has survived – Charshia, which has recently turned into a colorful market area, considered the best eastern bazaar in Europe. Of interest are the Turkish baths Daud Pasha (1466, part of the building given over to the City Art Gallery), the tiny Orthodox Church of St. Spas (XVII-XVIII centuries) with a carved iconostasis (1824), the Mustafa Pasha Mosque (1492), a colorful Turkish stone bridge (XV century) across the Vardar, caravanserai Kurshumli Khan (1550, served as a prison in the XIX century), Suli Khan and Kapan Khan, the Sultan Murat Mosque and the Clock Tower, the Museum of Modern Arts and Museum of Macedonia, Theater of National Minorities, Macedonian National Theater and University.

In the new part of the city, it is worth seeing the Orthodox Cathedral at the corner of Paritzanski Odredi and Arm boulevards, the building of the Academy of Sciences with the Concert Hall behind it, the City Museum on the street. M.H.Jasmine, Macedonian Parliament Building, Skopje Historical Archive, Museum of Contemporary Art, National Museum of History, National Art Gallery, Gallery of Culture, Museum of Natural History of Macedonia, Macedonian Tourist Information Center and the gypsy suburb of Suto Ornzari. Near Skopje are the ruins of the Roman city of Skupi, the center of the province of Dardania. On the slopes of the nearby Vodno mountain rises the Church of St. Panteleimon (1164), decorated with frescoes of exceptional artistic value. Also nearby are the monasteries of Sveti Nikita (1307-1308), Marko (XIV century), Sveti Andrey (XIV century) and Matka (XV century), as well as the Church of St. Anastasia (XVI century). decorated with frescoes of exceptional artistic value. Also nearby are the monasteries of Sveti Nikita (1307-1308), Marko (XIV century), Sveti Andrey (XIV century) and Matka (XV century), as well as the Church of St. Anastasia (XVI century). decorated with frescoes of exceptional artistic value. Also nearby are the monasteries of Sveti Nikita (1307-1308), Marko (XIV century), Sveti Andrey (XIV century) and Matka (XV century), as well as the Church of St. Anastasia (XVI century). Bitola Bitola is the second largest city in the country, located in the very south, near the border with Greece. The main attraction of the city are the ruins of the ancient Heraclea Lincestis, founded by Philip II of Macedon in the 4th century BC. BC e. No less interesting is the Doyran Lake in the east of the country, whose surroundings can be considered one of the most beautiful in the country, the Debar mineral springs, the picturesque canyons of the Matka and Treska rivers, the most beautiful canyon in Europe – the Radika Gorge and the waterfall of the same name – the highest in the Balkans, the most beautiful cave area in Bistra mountains, caves Vrelo (“spring”), Krshtalnya and Ubava (“beautiful”) in the Treska canyon, Lake Matka and nearby monasteries Matka (XIV century), St. Andrew (1389) and St. Nikola Shishovsky (XIV c.), the monastery of St. Jovan Bigorski with his unique wooden iconostasis, Ohrid The real pearl of Macedonia is Lake Ohrid (area 358 sq. km., depth up to 285 m), located at an altitude of 695 m above sea level near the Albanian border, and, apparently, connected by underground karst cavities to Lake Prespa. This is one of the most beautiful and cleanest lakes in Europe, one of the oldest lakes in the world and a popular resort area. The average water temperature in summer here is around +21 C, and near the coast – up to + 24-26 C, so the swimming season lasts from May to September. The entire coast is built up with sanatoriums and hotels offering the entire conceivable range of entertainment.

According to the unique composition of its ecosystem, Lake Ohrid is close to Baikal, therefore, on the slopes of the Galichitsa ridge adjacent to the lake, the National Park of the same name was created, and all household waste undergoes mandatory treatment with the help of two specialized plants. Located on the shore of the lake, the city of Ohrid is one of the oldest cities in the Balkans. Ancient Lychnis, which flourished during the time of Great Macedonia, during the time of the Roman Empire guarded the shortest route from Rome to Asia Minor – Via Egnatia, and later only strengthened its position. Neither numerous wars nor earthquakes could cause any noticeable damage to the city, which is why even today Ohrid is one of the most interesting cities in the Balkans. The Slavic tribes who settled in this area at the beginning of the 7th century began to call it “A-Hrid” (“on the hill”), from where the modern name came from. Ohrid is famous for its architectural monuments – the real masterpieces are the fortress of Samuil (XI century) with walls 16 m high, the Gorna Port gate (XVIII century), the basilica of Sveti Sofia (XI century, the church itself was rebuilt by the Turks into a mosque) in the old city center, the Church of Sveti Kliment (Church of the Mother of God Periblepta, 1295, restored in 2002) with unique frescoes and a gallery of Ohrid icons of the 11th-19th centuries, Robevu Palace (1827, now here is the Archaeological Museum), the Imaret Mosque (the monastery of St. Panteleimon, rebuilt by the Turks, IX century), the ruins of an early Christian basilica with amazing mosaics with anthropomorphic descriptions of the four rivers of paradise (V century) in Plaosnik, the dwelling of St. Panteleimon (currently a museum) in the park under the fortress of Samuel, the church of Sveti Jovan Kaneo (XIII century) on the cape of the same name, the National Museum of Ohrid with an excellent antique collection and the ruins of the ancient theater in the central part of the city (Varosh). Along the coast of the lake, many small Orthodox churches with medieval frescoes have been preserved, among which the famous monastery of Sveti Naum (29 km from Ohrid, X-XII centuries) stands out on the southern shore of the lake – the most important medieval center of Slavic writing and Orthodoxy in the Balkans. Both the city of Ohrid and Lake Ohrid were listed by UNESCO as a World Natural and Cultural Heritage Site in 1979.

Sights of North Macedonia

]]>
Cambodia Brief History https://www.softwareleverage.org/cambodia-brief-history.html Fri, 03 Jun 2022 14:10:53 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1291 According to Country Minus, Cambodia is a state of Southeast Asia, on the Indochinese peninsula. The ancient Khmer civilization had its heyday between the 10th and 13th centuries, when the empire of Angkor came to control much of Indochina. The decline and dynastic struggles of the following centuries led to a drastic downsizing and increasing subordination of the kingdom to the Siamese and Vietnamese hegemony, which lasted until the advent of the French protectorate (1863), followed by the insertion of Cambodia in Indochina French. The maintenance of an authority, albeit exclusively ceremonial, for the reigning dynasty helped to prevent the birth of a nationalist movement in the country and only the events connected with the Japanese occupation (1941-45) of Indochina laid the foundations for a gradual exit of Cambodia from the colonial regime. Under the leadership of Norodom Sihanouk (king since 1941), Cambodia gained independence (1954) and total control over the country’s political life passed to the popular socialist community political movement, made up of Sihanouk. The regime was inspired by a sort of “Buddhist socialism”, strongly linked to tradition. On the international level, Sihanouk pursued a policy of non-alignment, trying above all to keep the country out of the Vietnamese conflict. In the course of the 1960s, relations with the United States deteriorated (up to the breakdown of diplomatic relations) and there was a growth in communist influence among the peasant masses which, starting from 1967-68, resulted in the development of a movement of guerilla warfare in the countryside (the Khmer Rouge). Deposited by a right-wing coup, headed by General Lon Nol (1970), Sihanouk took refuge in China, where he formed, together with the Khmer Rouge, a United National Front of the Cambodia (func). After five years of war waged with the support of North Vietnamese and Vietcong, in 1975 the Khmer Rouge seized power and their leader, Pol Pot, became prime minister. The disastrous situation inherited from the war, the drastic measures taken by the new government in an attempt to cope with it (in particular, the forced relocation of most of the urban population to the countryside) and the ferocious repression caused an enormous number of victims. At the same time, relations between the Vietnamese communist movement and Pol Pot, who feared a new Vietnamese hegemony, deteriorated. China and the USSR exerted their influence over the region by supporting Cambodia and Vietnam respectively, until the massive invasion of Cambodia by the troops of Hanoi led to the overthrow of the government of Pol Pot (1979) and the proclamation of the People’s Republic of Cambodia. The Khmer Rouge reacted to the Vietnamese domination by creating a coalition government in exile of the Democratic Republic, with Sihanouk as president, giving rise to intense guerrilla activity. However, starting from 1986, the improvement of relations between China, the USSR and the USA favored a gradual process of detente and a progressive Vietnamese disengagement from Cambodia, culminating in 1990 with the withdrawal of Vietnamese troops from Hanoi and with training (1991) of a Supreme National Council, formed by the representatives of the different factions and chaired by Sihanouk. The 1993 elections were narrowly won by the National United Front for an independent, neutral, peaceful and cooperating Cambodia (funcinpec), expression of the followers of Sihanouk, who again ascended the throne immediately after the approval of a new Constitution that transformed Cambodia into a constitutional monarchy. A series of coalition governments formed by the two main forces: funcinpec and ppc (Cambodian People’s Party) followed one another in the 1990s and early next decade. In 2003, the Cambodian government and UN representatives agreed to create a joint tribunal to put the leader of the Pol Pot regime. In 2004 Sihanouk left the throne to his son Norodom Sihamoni.

Population, society and rights

The Cambodian population is made up of 90% Khmer, 5% Vietnamese and 1% Chinese. Almost all Cambodians (95%) are Theravāda Buddhist (the oldest Buddhist school, founded in India and also present in Laos, Myanmar and Thailand), and there are some Christian, Islamic and animist minorities. The population is young (the median age is about 23 years), mainly made up of women, and mainly located in the countryside.

The literacy rate is 73.9%, among the lowest among ASEAN members,but it increases to 88.4% for children aged 15 to 24. Even if primary schooling exceeds 98%, child labor remains a widespread phenomenon, affecting almost half of children. Furthermore, there are not many graduates and this leads to a shortage of qualified work. Corruption is widespread and represents a brake on economic development and social stability: Cambodia ranks 156 out of 175 in Transparency International’s global ranking on perceived corruption. The problems of education and corruption are manifested in the widespread practice of selling exams by teachers, against which the government has recently tried to launch an all-out battle. Another critical issue is that of land grabbing, a phenomenon that frequently produces tensions between local communities and the authorities.

Cambodia Brief History

]]>
Ivory Coast Population and History https://www.softwareleverage.org/ivory-coast-population-and-history.html Fri, 27 May 2022 08:12:05 +0000 https://www.softwareleverage.org/?p=1288 According to eQuzhou Countries, the Ivory Coast (322,463 km 2 ; 2,485,000 residents) has been an independent republic since 1958 and, more completely, since 1960. It is one of the most economically significant countries in West Africa. The capital Abidjan is the terminus of the railway that goes as far as Ouagadougou in the Upper Volta and a port of export of products from the Ivory Coast and Upper Volta. With the opening of the Vridi canal (1950) towards the Gulf of Guinea, the traffic of the port increased by 50% and the industrial district of the city and its surroundings (soap factory, paper mill, pulp factory, oil refinery, etc.) it has expanded. v. abidjan in this Appendix.

In agriculture, the most important product is now provided by coffee, which feeds 50% of exports. It is followed by cocoa, which feeds a third. Banana cultivation is in the hands of European farmers. The oil palm products are processed by modern factories in Dabou and Abidjan. Pineapple is also treated locally. Cotton with sisal and kapok constitutes the most important textile fiber. The products of the forest are important (mahogany, iroko, and to a lesser extent guarea, makoré, etc.). A paper mill was built in 1950 near Abidjan (Bimbesso). Among the minerals only the production of alluvial diamonds on the Bou river stands out: over 100 thousand carats per year. Almost all of the AOF coffee, cocoa and timber production comes from the Ivory Coast

History. – Among the eight constituent territories of French West Africa, the Ivory Coast represented the center of political action which resulted in the independence of these territories in 1958 even within the framework of a Franco-African Community. This is thanks above all to the personality of F. Houphouët-Boigny, who managed to become the most authoritative and listened interlocutor of the French government, of which he was also a member several times, and to create a political organization, the African Democratic Grouping, which dominated the political scene of almost all the territories of French black Africa. The moderate position of Houphouët-Boigny, however, was unable to control the African nationalist movement as it turned towards radical claims against France. The policy of the Ivory Coast failed to prevent Guinea from detaching itself to an independent life on the occasion of the constitutional referendum of September 1958; and, after the referendum, that the tendency towards a federal grouping among the various new states should be affirmed in the former French West Africa. In this second case, Houphouët-Boigny, who became head of the state of the Ivory Coast, could only block the extension of the Federation of Mali, causing the withdrawal, with widespread pressure, the accession that the Dahomey and the Upper Volta had initially given to it. With these two states and with Niger, after the Assembly of Abidjan approved the new constitution of the Ivory Coast on March 26, 1959, a Council of Understanding for close political and economic collaboration was concluded on April 4 (Sahel-Benin Union). On 11 July 1960 the Costa d’A. – together with the Dahomey al Niger and the Upper Volta – he concluded an agreement in Paris obtaining full independence, proclaimed at midnight from 6 to 7 August. The republic of Ivory Coast was admitted to the UN on 20 September 1960. on 4 April, a Council of Understanding for close political and economic collaboration (Union of Sahel-Benin). On 11 July 1960 the Costa d’A. – together with the Dahomey al Niger and the Upper Volta – he concluded an agreement in Paris obtaining full independence, proclaimed at midnight from 6 to 7 August. The republic of Ivory Coast was admitted to the UN on 20 September 1960. on 4 April, a Council of Understanding for close political and economic collaboration (Union of Sahel-Benin). On 11 July 1960 the Costa d’A. – together with the Dahomey al Niger and the Upper Volta – he concluded an agreement in Paris obtaining full independence, proclaimed at midnight from 6 to 7 August. The republic of Ivory Coast was admitted to the UN on 20 September 1960.

Ivory Coast History

]]>