Denmark is a constitutional monarchy, with Queen Margrethe II as the head of state. The nation’s political system is based on a parliamentary democracy, where the executive branch is led by the Prime Minister and the legislative branch is represented by the Folketing, or Parliament. The Folketing consists of 179 members who are elected to four-year terms in an open list proportional representation system. Denmark has a multi-party system with several parties represented in Parliament. The two largest parties are Venstre (Left) and Socialdemokraterne (Social Democrats), while other significant parties include the Danish People’s Party, Socialist People’s Party, and Liberal Alliance. Visit COUNTRYAAH for a list of countries that start with letter D.

The country’s judicial system is made up of three levels: Supreme Court, High Courts and district courts. Judges are appointed by the Queen but remain independent from any political interference. Denmark’s constitution guarantees equal rights for all citizens regardless of gender or religion. The government also works to promote human rights both domestically and internationally through its foreign policy initiatives. In recent years, Denmark has become increasingly active in international organizations such as NATO and the European Union (EU). It was one of twelve founding members of the EU in 1993 and continues to be an active participant in its activities today.

Yearbook 2016

Denmark. When Sweden introduced ID checks against Denmark after New Year to reduce the influx of refugees, Denmark responded with similar border checks against Germany.

In January, the parliament voted for stricter asylum laws, including longer waiting times for family reunification, stricter requirements for permanent residence permits and reduced grants. Most debate aroused the so-called jewelery proposal, which gave the police the opportunity to seize asylum seekers’ valuables and money to pay for their living in Denmark. The government got through the proposal when it was amended so that items of affection value, such as wedding rings and personal jewelry, could not be seized.

In February, a government crisis erupted when the Conservative People’s Party expressed distrust of Left’s Environment Minister Eva Kjer Hansen. She was accused of leaving the Folketing behind the light.

Denmark Population 2016

According to countryaah, the current population of Denmark is 5,792,213. The opposition wanted a vote of no confidence in the Folketing, but Prime Minister Lars Løkke Rasmussen defended his colleague and threatened to announce new elections. After hard negotiations, Løkke Rasmussen was allowed to resign and dismissed the disputed minister. New Minister for the Environment was Esben Lunde Larsen.

In March, the government decided to step up the Danish military effort against the Islamic State (IS) extremist group in Iraq and to enter Syria as well. 400 soldiers would be sent to both countries and Danish fighter and transport aircraft could also be joined by the US-led coalition.

In April, four men in Copenhagen were arrested on suspicion of committing terrorist offenses in Syria. They were accused of joining the terrorist group IS with the intention of committing terrorist acts.

At the NATO Summit in Warsaw in July, Prime Minister Løkke Rasmussen announced that Denmark would send up to 200 soldiers to the NATO force planned for deployment in Estonia, at NATO’s border with the Russian Federation.

  • Abbreviation Finder: Check to see how the 3-letter abbreviation of DMK stands for the nation of Denmark in geography.

Two editors in the newspaper Se og Hør were sentenced in August to conditional prison sentences and community service, while the magazine’s owners were fined SEK 10 million. The newspaper had bought information about celebrity card payments. Among the 135 people involved were Prince Joachim, Prime Minister Løkke Rasmussen and actor Mads Mikkelsen.

In August, the Left government presented a plan to further tighten refugee policy. This included the possibility of rejecting asylum seekers at the border. At the same time, stricter penalties for begging were proposed, from warning to imprisonment for 14 days at the first instance.

In November, Løkke Rasmussen declared that he wanted to broaden his one-party government – Venstre had only 34 of the Folketing’s 179 seats. He invited the Liberal Alliance and Conservative People’s Party parties to negotiations and formed a tripartite government. Foreign Minister Kristian Jensen (Venstre) became new Minister of Finance and the EU-critical LA leader Anders Samuelsen took over as Foreign Minister.

1993-2001 Social Democratic crisis policy

Only in January 1993, the bourgeois government had lost its breath after being hit by the Tamil scandal of illegal expulsion of Tamil refugees. Before then, Social Democracy had to change its chair to become the rooms for government formation with the radical left. For the first time in the party’s history, its chairman was overthrown when Poul Nyrup Rasmussen the year before overthrew the incumbent chairman, Svend Auken, at an extraordinarily convened congress.

Another reason for the change of government was the desire to secure Danish Yes to the Maastricht Treaty. On 2 June 1992, 50.7% had rejected the Maastricht Treaty, thus halting all Union development in the EU. In December, SF and the Social Democratic Party agreed to adopt the “national compromise” with four reservations about the development of the Union, but the bourgeoisie also considered the need for a Social Democratic government to knock the Social Democratic doubters in place. Managed. At the May 18 election, 57% voted in favor of the treaty.

Social democratic politics throughout the 1990’s were characterized by reforms and improvements after 11 years of civilian offensive, but also by new austerity measures and cuts. Emissions from the labor market continued until 1997-98, reaching 900,000. In 1998, the government ran out of promises to retain early retirement, and at the same time, cuts in social and health care continued. The left wing does not represent a clear alternative and many social democratic voters have therefore been sought out on the far right by the xenophobic Danish People’s Party, which plays on the dissatisfaction with the deterioration of the welfare state. succeeded the Social Democracy together with the radicals to preserve government power with the support of 90 out of the 179 members of the Parliament. After the party’s partial abandonment of early retirement at the end of the year, its support dropped to 22% – the lowest level since the turn of the century.

Despite a partial boom in the period 1994-98, the party failed to combine crisis management and safeguarding the weakest groups in society. On the contrary, it stated publicly that its welfare policy could no longer guarantee the weakest groups in society.

Copenhagen – geology

Copenhagen rests on a subsoil of limestone with flint layers, which in many places is found approx. 10 m below street level. The limestone is deposited in Danian (for 65-60 million. Years ago), and its thickness is approximately 100 m. The lower half of the layer series consists mainly of bryozoan lime, the upper of Copenhagen lime, a sandy limestone of very varying hardness. In this limestone subsoil, several construction works have been carried out, e.g. several tunnels under the harbor. In some places there is a few meters thick deposit of green sand on top of the lime from Zealand (about 60-57 million years before now). In the calcareous subsoil there are traces of crustal displacements, faults. One of the most significant is the so-called Carlsberg fault; it extends in the direction NW-SE and with a vertical displacement of more than 50 m. The crustal displacements took place after Denmark and before the ice age.

During the ice age, the surface of the limestone was eroded by glaciers, which left scouring strips, and a 10-15 m thick cover layer of moraine and meltwater deposits was deposited. From the time after the ice age, in some places there are bog deposits and deposits from the Litorina Sea in addition to man-made backfill layers, which in places reach thicknesses of 5-10 m.

Copenhagen – architecture

The great fires of the 18th century and the British bombing of the British in 1807 have cleared so many of the city’s old buildings that Copenhagen can only have very few houses built before the 17th century.

The oldest secular example is the Consistory building in the University’s courtyard at Frue Plads, which is the last remnant of the Roskilde bishop’s Copenhagen residence, built approx. 1420

Older, however, is the Church of the Holy Spirit, which originally dates from the 14th century; at the same time as the Consistory building is the later much rebuilt St. Petri Church.

The Holy Spirit House, which forms the west wing of a former monastery, dates from the late 15th century. Large parts of the street network date back to the Middle Ages. While Absalom was still alive, the city center was moved to the east, and the construction of Our Lady’s Church began around 1200.

During the 16th and 17th centuries, several of the city’s churches were changed. The still standing tower (1582-91) from Nikolaj Church represents the early Renaissance.

From the right-wing renaissance, a few townhouses have been preserved within the area of ​​the medieval town, eg mayor Matthias Hansens Gård on Amagertorv (1616) and Magstræde 17-19 (ca. 1640).

Copenhagen is rich in large, public buildings from the time of Christian IV, including Holmen’s Church, Børsen, Regensen, Rosenborg Castle and Trinitatis Church with Round Tower; all are marked by the king’s predilection for Dutch Renaissance architecture.

Christian IV founded the new district Christianshavn in 1618 to protect the opposite galley harbor. The completed harbor is today a garden at the Royal Library (built 1898-1906 by Hans J. Holm), and the surrounding buildings still consist of Tøjhuset and Proviantgården from the time around 1600.

The king expanded the city with New Copenhagen, which includes Nyboder (1631 ff.). The art chamber building, built 1665-73 by Albert Mathiesen (d. 1668), is one of the city’s earliest baroque buildings; today it contains the National Archives.

Around the town’s new royal square, Kongens Nytorv, which was paved in 1670, are two of the noble palaces of the time, Charlottenborg, built 1672-83, and Thott’s Palace (1683-86). Almost at the same time, Lambert van Haven built Our Savior’s Church in Christianshavn in Dutch Baroque style.

From the time around 1700, Frederiksberg Castle dates, built in two rounds by Frederik IV and inspired by northern Italian baroque villas, as well as the Opera House (1701-02) in Fredericiagade, which today houses the Eastern High Court.

After the fire in 1728, the city was rebuilt. The concept of fire house dates from these years; the type, a foundation-walled longhouse with gable twig, was designed by JC Krieger, but is known from the late 1600’s.

In 1731, Christian VI demolished the old fortified Copenhagen Castle and had Elias David Häusser begin the construction of Christiansborg; The riding arena facility was spared by the castle fires in 1794 and 1884.

Opposite the castle, Niels Eigtved built the Prince’s Palace (1743-44, today the National Museum).

Northeast of the old town, from 1749 the district Frederiksstaden was built in the Franco-Saxon Rococo style. It was Niels Eigtved who gave drawings for both citizens’ houses and the four noble palaces that, after the castle fire in 1794, formed the royal residence Amalienborg, as the Colonnade connected two of the mansions.

It was built by CF Harsdorff, who in 1779-80 built his own house on Kongens Nytorv as a pattern for the citizens’ houses of the future. After the town’s fire in 1795, the types became common; to facilitate the maneuvering of the fire extinguishers in the narrow town, it became obligatory to “break” the corners of the buildings. Harsdorff’s student CF Hansen was summoned after the teacher’s death in 1799 to Copenhagen to lead the reconstruction of Christiansborg Castle and the Council and Court House (1805-15) on Nytorv.

After the bombing in 1807, CF Hansen was given the task of rebuilding Our Lady’s Church. Although the castle fire of 1884 destroyed Christiansborg, the Castle Church is still restored after a fire in 1992 as an example of CF Hansen’s Roman-inspired classicism; the rest of the castle was newly built 1906-28 by Thorvald Jørgensen. Large parts of the city center are also characterized by civic houses from the first three decades of the 1800’s.

Gottlieb Bindesbøll demonstrated the new knowledge of the time about the polychrome ancient architecture with Thorvaldsens Museum (1839-48). As a practical result of the cholera epidemic in 1853, he built from 1854 the Medical Association’s Homes (Brumleby) with air and space around the lengths.

After the closure of the city gates and the abolition of the ramparts, the ramparts and the “bridges” were expanded explosively during the second half of the 1800’s. One of the first constructions between the ramparts and the lakes was Christian Hansen’s Municipal Hospital (1859-63).

The fleet’s old area became the residential area Gammelholm, whose facade towards Kongens Nytorv consists of the Royal Theater, built 1872-74 by Vilhelm Dahlerup and Ove Petersen.

In Frederiksstaden, Ferdinand Meldahl completed the Frederikskirken (Marble Church) in Renaissance style (1874-94). In the 1890’s, new museum buildings sprang up, eg the Statens Museum for Kunst (1888-95) by Vilhelm Dahlerup and Georg Møller and the Glyptoteket (1890-92) also by Dahlerup.

The city center was moved to the west with the construction of Martin Nyrop’s town hall, which was inaugurated in 1905. The Italian-inspired building became the cornerstone of the national romanticism, replaced by a neoclassicism, born of the fierce controversy over brewer Carl Jacobsen’s offer to add a baroque spire to The tower of Our Lady’s Church.

A striking example of this Classicism intransigence is police headquarters, built from 1918 by Hack Kampmann, Aage Rafn and others. Quite different in its anchoring in the Danish church tradition is PV Jensen-Klint’s Grundtvig Church at Bispebjerg (1921-40); the son Kaare Klint rebuilt together with others Frederiks Hospital from the 1700’s, to the Museum of Art and Design (1921-26).

Around 1930, functionalism made its entrance into Copenhagen with Edvard Thomsen’s “Lagkagehus” on Christianshavns Torv (1928-34). In Klampenborg, Arne Jacobsen built Bellevue Strandbad, the Bellavista residential building and the Bellevue Theater in the white functional style in the 1930’s, while Vilhelm Lauritzen built Kastrup Airport (1937-39) and the Radio House (1937-41).

School construction flourished in these years; a prominent example is The School by the Sound (1937) by Kaj Gottlob.

In the post-war years, the new residential area at Bellahøj was built with modern point houses, and Arne Jacobsen built the city’s first “American skyscraper”, SAS Royal Hotel (1956-61).

In the 1960’s and 1970’s, Greater Copenhagen was expanded according to the Finger Plan with a number of large residential buildings, including High Gladsaxe from the 1960’s by Hoff & Windinge et al. The public construction in the 1970’s and 1980’s has been extensive.

It included many churches in the outer Copenhagen areas, such as I. and J. Exner’s Islev Church (1968-69) and Vangede Church (1974-76) by JO von Spreckelsen.

At Christianshavn, Halldor Gunnløgsson and Jørn Nielsen built the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (1977-80), opposite at Gammelholm, Arne Jacobsen added the new Nationalbank (built 1965-78), and at Frederiksberg, Henning Larsen built the Business School with the adjacent housing Dalgas Have (1985-91).

Examples of construction in recent years include Arkitekternes Hus in Strandgade by Nielsen, Nielsen & Nielsen (1996) and the expansion of the Royal Library (1997-98) by Schmidt, Hammer & Lassen.

Construction around 2000 in Copenhagen is particularly concentrated around the harbor. In the north of Kalkbrænderihavnen, Jørn Utzon’s design studio built Paustians Møbelhus in 1987, which has been neighborhooded by a sailing club (1999) and domiciled by the Employers’ Association for Trade, Transport and Service (2000).

In 1997-99, the headquarters of Unibank (Nordea) were built in the area by Christianskirken in Christianshavn. Most new buildings by the harbor are company domiciles, so so far there has been very little space for homes such as Schmidt, Hammer & Lassen’s residential buildings Capella Kaj on India Kaj (1999).

Between Holmen and Frederiksstaden, the Royal Theatre’s new opera building, the Opera in axis with Amalienborg and the Marble Church, was inaugurated in 2005. Opposite at Kvæsthusbroen opened in 2008 the theatre’s new theater, designed by Boje Lundgaard and Lene Tranberg.

South of Langebro, the large shopping center Fisketorvet (2000), a hotel and several office buildings have been built at Kalvebod Brygge, among others. Nykredit’s headquarters (1998-2001) at Schmidt, Hammer & Lassen. The Havneholmen district behind Fisketorvet was started by the Port of Copenhagen in 2005 and will house exclusive homes.

At Havneholmen, a swing bridge over the harbor to Islands Brygge was inaugurated in 2006, intended for pedestrians and cyclists. The violent dimensions of the buildings at this site and the fact that an overall city plan seems to be lacking leave a vague cityscape.

According to thereligionfaqs, the new district Ørestad has been under construction on Amager since the 1990’s. Green breathing holes and canals, together with changing settlements, must help to create a city where the human scale is dominant. To the north, closest to Njalsgade, the first stage of a new building for the Royal Palace was completed. Library in 1997; the total work is expected to be completed in 2008.

In 2002, the first stage of the expansion of the University of Copenhagen Amager was taken into use (see KUA). Danmarks Radio’s new concert hall in DR Byen designed by the French architect Jean Nouvel will be taken into use in 2008.